Biology Final

7 traits of animals

advantage over single celled orgs. because cells become specialized to preform specific function

multi-celled but cells not organized into tissues

Example of a parazoan

Multi-celled, cells organized into tissues

Carnivorse, Herbivores, and Omnivores are _________

Means one house; cross v self fertilization; both male and female gonads

Means 2 house; do not carry both gonads

Three types of Asexually reproduction

Type of asex. repo that is binary, multiple and transverse

Internal body temp fluctuates with ambient enviroment temps. (miscalled "cold blooded"

Single celled organisms, aquadic, inverabrates, fish, amphilbians, and some reptiles have what type of tempeture regulation

This Temp Regulation maintians stable body tempetures

Increases bt useing external sources of heat

most reptiles and flying insects are

increase by using heat from internal souces (ex heat produced as a by product of metabolism)

What type of class is endotherms

This is a daily cycle of inactivity

This is triggered by lower temp, lack of food so the metabolism and bt is lowered

This period of inactivity is a season cycle

This is triggers by lower temp and lack of food so the metabolism and bt is lowered; if bt drops below 20C then metabolism rises until bt reaches 20C ; little fat is stored

What Torpors

what hibernates?

This period on inactivity is a seasonal; it is triggered by low temp; BT drops with that of envi., potential for animals to freeze to death

This is triggered by low temp and lack of food; Metabolism and BT not signficantly lowered; large fast strores required

What Brumates

This is triggered by water shortages and is affected by insects and aniphibians

Waterholding frog cocoons can last up to ___ years

This has no reg body plans and are rare these are usually sponges

This body plan transects throguh any central axis along the bodys and results in ident. halve ; these are able to sense and feed in all directions also not very active

This body plan constructs along a longt. plane, halving along thi plane (only) resualts in (nearly) ind. halves, these also tend to be more active

Organisms whos structure support has spocules of calcuim carbonate, spongin fibers

Organism that has parenchyma cells

Organism that has exoskeleton of chitin

Organism that has endoskeleton of cartilage or bone

Site for muscle contraction, improves efficency of contraction, support/protection

To be an exoskeleton the structure must be ________

Growth in exoskeleton can only occur in discrete intervals such as _______

This Phylum is mainly marine interdial

Porifera have no tissues so they are _________

What is the lifestyle of a porifera?

What is the body type of the porifera?

The Porifera central cavitys or series of branching chambers allow __________________

these cells helps to change shape of sponge

This cell is phagocytic

These cells specizlised to form porocytes which allows water to curculate into sponge

Pinacocyates are also called

This cells stores nutrients and transport

These cells secrete spicules (support) form eggs (sometines sperm)

these cells care collar cells with cilia forming a collar to traps food particles

This cells central flagellm creats currents by whipping around

This is the simplest form and leasdt sponge-like;

This body type as water entering through ostia into central cavity and out throug single osculum

pores consisting of single cells

This body type the sponge wall folds inward creating larger suface area
has an incurrent channels
chonocycles line radical channel
single osculum through which water exits

This is the most complex of the body form of a sponge

This is used as a bath sponge

This body form has an extensively branched canal system and is one of the largest sponges

The ecologocial importance of a porifea

Types of animals are in the Phylum Cnidaria

The phylum has alternation of generations called

The polyp is ________ while the medusa is _________

The Cnidaria has what type of digestive system

The Cnidaria have ________ which is used in defense, feeding, and attachment

One alternation of Generation in the Cnidaria is ________ which has shared gastrovascular cavity gastozooids 1st to form
Gonozooid (asexual reproduction)
Bud medusa

The alteration of generation in the Cnidaria is ________ which sexual reproduction, its a male and female
has an oral surface
gametes fuses to form planula larva

This settles to form polyp generation (dispersal form)

This has both asexual and sexual structures

Example of a polyp is

'Single organism' colony of polyps (Looks like a medusa but not) -they float (pheumatophore) single individual which supports rest of colony

Rotifera and Round worms have a ________ symmetry a _________ tubular digestive system

Ecdysis required for growth

Number of cells making up adult or any organ is the same for all individuals of the same species

ciliated organ found on top of top head; cilila beat in metachronal wave

Small, fresh water, many are parthenogentic during spring and summer (female only pops) In autumn eggs are produced by meiosis which if not feritlized become male fertilized are thick shelled over wintering stage.

PRODUCE AMITOTIC (2N) EGGS BY MITOSIS > ASEXUAL PARTHENGENEIS IS A STRAGEGY THAT ALLOW FOR A _____________

Nematoda are also known as

These are very abundant and free-living species (nutrients recyclers vs. parastic)

Roundworms are ________ symmetery and __________. they have a __________ digestive tract they are ___-cious and ___-morphic have a ______ reproductive potential but 1 egg produces 1 adult

juveniles undergo ___ molts before reaching sexual maturity (unquie)

___________ Parasites of Human

_______________ are a nematode common in US, adults in lg. intestine mate, male dies immediately female migrates down and out through anus lays eggs then dies

You can get ________ by eating or inhaling eggs infecting reinfecting host

This Nematode you get from eathing contaimated food scraps if meat is not properly cooked

This is rarely seen in developed nations regular food supply, more frequently seen in ppl who eat improperly prepared bear meat or other game

This nematode causes "elephantiatis"

The Filarial worm comes from larvea traveling in the blood vessels to skin by

The true symbol of medicane comes from the

This nematode crawls around under skin the physican would cut skin just around the head of parasite then when it reach the incision whould wind parasite up on stick

This is a Firlarial worm that normally found in dogs and sometimes cats it infects cardiac muscles generally fatal unless caught and treated eraly

The phylum mollusa has a ________ symmetry and an ______ circulartory system

_______________ the most primative of the mollusa

The polyplacopora also called ________- they have ___ dorsal plates and broad foot, they live in _______

This class of Mollusa is marine, freshwate terrestraal, they have a coiled shell or no shell they have a prominent head with tentacles and eyes

This class of Mollusa is marine and freshwater there body compressed btw 2 hinged shells; these are clams and oysters

This class of Mollusa is marine and active swimmers they are octpi nautili squid and cuttle fish they are predatory and have a ________ circulartory system with a digestive tract _________ they have _________ fertilization and __________ delevopement

C. Cephalodpoda well delevoped eyes with lenses means that they have no

Specialized arm in males for spermatophore transfer

This circulary system allows for them to get larger size because tussues delivered nutrients and oxygen directly (rather than by diffusion)

Mantle does not produce shell in most species except for

This Phylum is segmented worms, they are marine freshwater and terresterial they have a _________ symmetery and they body is ______

This body improves effiancy of locomotions, it is divided into segments and externally and inernally

This class consist of lugworms sandworms and filter worms

filter worms are ____ feeders
sandworms are _______
lungworms are _________ feeders meaning they eat dirt

Why do the polychaetas have a problem with living in the burrows?

These worms have a reproductive system called ___- atoke remains in burrow buds off new indviduals (asexual repro) called _____

This means dioecious product 1 a yaer in Nov. it is released en masse to mate. provides predators with a good meal only one yeaer atike gereation is kept safe in burrow

Parapodia means

This Class is mostly terrestrial annelids "earthworms" they are all deposit feedsd and is presnce in sign of fertile soil they have _______ developement and no larval form

Cross fertilized whenever they meet another of their species (Oligochaeta )

This class is leeches they are mostly feshwater or humid terriestrail, they are ________ not parasites

Most of the year leeches are negatively _________ but become postively ________ when they need to take a blood meal because ---- most organisms are postively ____________

What is the medical importance of leeches

This Phylum is animals with jointed feet such as the horsecrabs copepods crustatceans spiders scorpins insects their exoseleton is made up of _________ and have ________ circulatory system along with a _______ life cycle

This occurs in Arthropoda its when the body is divided into regions with specific functions such as __________ which is taken to the extreme

This is a life cyle with larvaw and adults figger in mporphology and ecology
It allows for great nunmber of each group with much intraspecifc competion
(Occurs in Arthropoda)

This subphylum includs the horseshoe crabs spiders mites and ticks,

This includes spiders, scoripions ticks mites harvastmen

Hollow, used for injecting vemom/digestive juices into prey (used by spiders)

These are specialized excretory glandsd used by spiders which remove waste while converving water

The chelicera in this animal is very small pedipalps are enlarged, opisthosoma divided into preabdomen and postadomen also known as ________ and _________ they have __________ fertalziation and _________care

These are ectoparasites of plants and animals they are prosoma and opisthosoma fused there chilcera and pedipalps modified for pericing biting and sucking

This demodex folliculorum found on human hair

Causes scabies the female tunnel through skin laying eggs, secretions cause itching and rash which is highly contagious

What are not true spiders

These spiders are fused with prosoma and opithosoma there antipreor mechanism is

This subphylum constist of shrimp crayfish lobster crab copecods barnacles (exclude mariness)

The Crustacea differ from chelicerates and uniramin in 2 ways the Crust have :

These crusts are scavegers. have 2 ants, feeding appendages and walking legs, swimmerettes (used breeding) and uropods (used for swimming and escape)

These crust body covered by a signle carapace ; the female reproduces aex. parthogentically in spring and summer, sex reproduction in autumn and important component of food webs

These Crust larvae dispersal stage, adults sessile, appendages modifed for filter feeding; 1srt appen. used as an anchor

These. have 1 pair of antenas these constist of milipeders centapeds and insects; they are the 1st to trasistion to land

This Unirmia is a scavenger they have 2 pairs of feet per segament

This Unirmia is carnivours and has 1 pair of feet per segment (they do not have alot of wax and live in most wet enviroment)

This Unirmia has 3 pairs walking legs 1 pair of wings and 1 pair of anteneas, they have a head thoraz and abdomen, the 3 legs must always come in contact with the ground while walking, wings with hollow veins for _______- and ___________tubules that help empties wastes and save water

How do insects breathe?

Whats are they two sensery structures for hearing for insects

this organ is machanorecepotor at bas of ante.

This organ is a mechanoreceptor at the bast of legs and crickets and katydid

The sensory structures for sight is eyes _____ and able to detect down to ____nm

What are the three delevopemental patterns of insects

a developmental pattern that means "without change" ; larve and adults similar in appearance, differ in sex maturity, unspecified number of molts
eg Silverfish

a developmental pattern means small changes; specific number of molts between eggs and adults, each molts results in wing genital changes and sizes
Crickets

a developmental pattern means whole change , larvae and adults completely differ in both morphogy and ecology, transition btw larvaw and adults called __________
eg Butterflies and house flies

Groups called ______ perform specific tasks
________ : queen bees, worker bees, soliders, scouts
________: drones reproductuve, haploid

This Phylum includes sea urchin, sea cumumbers, sea urchines, sand dollars , they are marine. They have __________ symmetry and have a __________ vascular system

This vascular has ring and nadial canals , they are ____________ water inlet/equalizes pressure inside and outside of animals and are typically external

This echinodermata has a fragmentation can result in regentration of missing parts therefore formation of new indivuals ; sexual reproduction produces cilited larvvea important for dispersion

This echinodermata has long spines adaptations for lodging into crevice for protection against wave action

These enchinodermata lives in sand bottom areas, short spines

Sanddollars

This encinodermata is unsuals because its _________________ embedded into body wall not as plates; tubefeet modifeed and cone around moth as tentcles, adults revert back to _________ symmetry