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Class
Carbohydrate, hypertonic solution
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Mechanism of Action
Rapidly increased serum glucose levels. Short term osmotic diuresis.
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Indications
Hypoglycemia, altered level of consciousness, coma of unknown etiology seizure of unknown etiology, status epilepticus.
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Contraindications
Intracranial hemorrhage.
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Adverse Reactions
Extravasation leads to tissue necrosis. Warmth, pain, burning, thrombophlebitis, rhabdomyolysis, hyperglycemia.
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Drug Interactions
Sodium bicarbonate, Coumadin.
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How Supplied
25g/50-ml prefilled syringes (500 mg/ml).
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Dosage and Administration
- Adult: 12.5-25 g slow IV; may be repeated as necessary.
- Pediatric: 0.5-1 g/kg/dose slow IV; may be repeated as necessary.
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Duration of action
- Onset: less than 1 minute.
- Peak effect: variable
- Duration: variable
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Special considerations
Administer thiamine prior to D50 in known alcoholic patients. Draw blood to determine glucose level before administering. Do not administer to patients with known CVA unless hypoglycemia documented.
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