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barbostick
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SCM
- Origins: Sternal head- superior manubrium; clavicular head- medial third of superior clavicle
- Insertions: Mastoid process of temporal bone; lateral superior nuchal line of occiput (same as splenius capitis)
- Bilateral actions: neck flexion, assists to elevate the ribs in inhalation
- Unilateral actions: ipsilateral lateral flexion of head; contralateral roation of head
- Ropy at manubrium
- Superficial
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Anterior Scalenes
- Origin: TVPs of C3 - C6
- Insertion: First rib
- Bilateral actions: Elevates ribs during forced inhalation; neck flexion
- Unilateral actions: ipsilateral lateral neck flexion; contralateral cervical rotation
- Nonropy
- Both- deep to SCM
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Middle Scalenes
- Origin: TVPs of C2 - C7
- Insertion: First rib
- Bilateral actions: Elevates ribs during forced inhalation
- Unilateral actions: ipsilateral lateral neck flexion; contralateral cervical rotation
- Nonropy
- Both- deep to SCM (clavicular head)
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Posterior Scalenes
- Origin: TVPs of C6 - C7
- Insertion: Second rib
- Bilateral actions: Elevates ribs during forced inhalation
- Unilateral actions: ipsilateral lateral neck flexion; contralateral cervical rotation
- Nonropy
- Both- deep to SCM
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Semispinalis
- Origin: TVPs of C4 - T5
- Insertion: Between the superior and inferior nuchal lines of the occiput
- Action: Extends head, cervical and thoracic spine
- Nonropy
- Deep to several muscles
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