A waxy substance called ___ is part of the cell wall of myobacterium species
mycolic acid
The otuer membrane is fund in ____ bacteria
gram positive
A distinguishing feature between slime layers and capsules is that
slime layers adhere loosely to the cell wall
All of the following participate in adherence except
axial filament
Whic of the following is not true of fimbriae and pili?
They are involved in adherence
They are oth made up of pilin subunits
Pili are needed for bacterial conjugation
They are made only by gram-positive bacteria
they are made only by gram-positive bacteria
The part of the glagellum that is used to anchor the structure to the plasma membrane is called teh
hook
flagella are used for
motility
Which of the following is not a function of the plasma mebrane is bacteir?
DNA replication
The three phases of pentidoglycan assembly are
membrane-associated, cytoplasmic, and extracytoplasmic
lipid a is
part of the endotoxins fo gram-negative bacteira
Protein synthesis requires nonmenbrane-enclosed organelles called____, which perform the process known as____
ribosomes;translation
____ is the process by which baceria in a dormant spore state returen to the vegetative state
sporulation
Optimally grows between 45 and 60 degrees celcius
thermophile
The ___ growth temp is the maxiumum temp at which the fastest grwoth rate occurs
optimal
A consequence of raising the temp above the maxiumu growth temp when culturing bacteria is
the destabilization of hydrogen bonds in proteins
Which of the following is not required for the synthesis of amino aids and/or nucleic acids
phosphorus
sulfur
iron
nitrogen
carbon
iron
A microblast inoculates a grwoth medium with 1,000 bacterial cells/ml . If the generation time of the species is 30 mins, how long will it be before the culture contains more than 10,000 cells/ml?
2 hours
New cells are being produced at the same rate as other cells are dying is a characteristic of this phase of bacterial growth
stationary phase
Cells are dying faster than new cells are being rpoduced in this phase of bacterial growth
death phase
cells are metabolically actibe but not dividing in this phase of bacterial growth
lag phase
cells are rapidly growing and dividing in this phase of bacterial growth
log phase
A nucleotide of DNA consists of
A nucleotide
Phosphate group
Deoxyribose sugar
What are the correct matches for base pairs?
Adenine-thymine
cytosine-guanine
adenine-uracil
If a cell is repressed, it is
turned off
A lytic virus has infected a patient. What is happening inside her system?
The virus is causin the death of the infected cells in the patient
A lysogenic virus...
incorporates its nucleic acid with that of the host chromosome
Enveloped viruses penetrate their host cells by
fusion of their envelope to the host cell membrane
Construction of viral proteins is performe by
the host cell's ribosomes
Newly formed virus can be released from the cell by...
Budding, Cell lysis
Viruses can be spread through...
fusion of the host cell with a neighboring cellthe formation of syncytia
The rupture of the host cell
Stain pink when the gram stain has been correctly completed
gram negative
have a thick layer of peptidoglycan
gram-positive
contain teichoic cids
gram positie
contain lipopolysaccharides
gram negative
contain a crystal-violet iodine copmlex after the gram stain has been correctly completed
gram positive
have NAG and NAM in the cell wall
gram positive and gram negative
True or false... pathogens of humans are chemoautotrophic
false
pathogens of humans are...
mesophiles
true or false... the time interval needed for a bacteria colony to form is called the generation time
false
Plasmids encode a variety of traits including
antibioitic resistance
toxin production
the ability to use unusual nutreitns
Genetic recombination can lead to..
the production of new strains fo bacteria with increased viulence and antibiotic resistance
true or false... some viruses contain DNA and RNA...