MicroBio

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Perfect ratio for surface are and volume
- L²/ L³= 1.2
- SA/V
Substrate

Cell extracts energe and creates an external product from the chemical reaction
Open System

Anything alive
Rate of division

When a cell decides to make a copy of itself, how fast does it occur?
Rate of division in human cells.

25 x 10¹²
Growth Curve Equation

N_f = N_i x 2ⁿ
Stages of growth curve
- Lag
- Log
- Stationary
- Death
n in growth curve

hours/ division rate
Growth curve with very little/ no lag
- Most Virulent
- Thermodynamically working at maximum speed
Growth curve with long/ slow lag

Less virulent
Process for virus
- Protein finds a recpetor
- Virus is received or denited
- Virus is copied by cell upon entrance
- Exits out to envirnment
Can exist outside a cell and influences the process.
Endogenous

Bacteria
Exists in cell and influences the product and cell.
Indogenous

Virus
Subclinical stage of growth rate

Lag Time
Koch Postulate
- Four criteria to establish causual relationship between microbe and disease
- 1) isolate organism from person
- 2) identify the isolated organism
- 3) test on a healthy animale
- 4) repeat to determine if organism is indeed a pathogen
Fundamental pieces of cell
- Carbs
- proteins
- lipids
- nucleic acid
Amino Acid

H-C-(NH2)(COOH)-R
Virus 'Pads'

Proteins
Compatible Virus
- If the receptor on a potential host is a proteind then it invites the virus protein in.
- Shapes looking for each other
Treatment for Viruses

attempt to hide the receptor so the virus can't find its 'match'
Enzymes in virus
- catalyst
- more effective enzymes result in rapid cell copying
Serology Test
- 1) Antogens- place on slide and wait for chemical reactions
- 2) antibodies
Procaryote
- 4 billion years ago
- Simple
- Anaerobic
- No nucleus
- Cytoplast is work central
- Ribosum
- Very durable cell wall
- Inorganic Chemistry
Eucaryote
- 2 Billion years ago
- Complex
- Nucleus
- Ribosom
- Mitochondria
- Chloroplasts
- Aerobic
- Organic Chemistry
Organells
- specialized subunit within a eucaryotic cell with a specific function
- usually separately enclosed within its own lipid bilayer
Current O2 levels in atmosphere

30-39%
Glycolysis
- metabolic pathway that converts glucose C6H12O6, into pyruvate, CH3COCOO− + H+.
- The free energy released in this process forms the high-energy compounds ATP (adenosine triphosphate)
RBC
- Most primative cell
- No nucleus
- not sophisticated
- glucose in ---> lactate out
Delta G

Potential free energy in glucose
Freed energy from glycolisis

Kinetic Energy
To kill cells in large numbers the the target is....

Enzymes in metabolic state
Invagination in membrane
- increases surface area and allows the cells to work easier
- Cannot have more volume than SA to move goods in and out
Pilus

extension from cell
Lipids and Gram Stain

Lipids = Gram Negative
Blood Agar Plates

7% sheep RBC
Crystal Violet
Iodine
Alcohol
Safarin (counter stain)
Which of the followin will lose color in Gram Stain?

Gram Negative in Alcohol
To stain for TB?

Acid Fast Stain
N_f
- Where cells meet time
- B
N_i
- Start of # of cells
- A
- germs get going
n
- Number of cells
- log
- D
- Symptoms present
Lag
- Cells looking at DNA to determine next steps...
- C
Stagnate
- Top of curve
- E
- Treatment
Decline of curve
- death of cells
- F
- Recovery
Microbiology studies/ encompasses
- Bacteria
- Viruses
- Fungi
- Protozoa
- Algae
- Helminths
Recombinant DNA

Technology that allows the deliberate altering if DNA
Morphology

Structure
Physiology

Function
Genetics

Inheritence
Glycocalyx

functions in attachment to other cells as receptors
Gram Stain

Delineates two different groups of bacteria
Gram Positive

Looks like an open faced sandwich
Gram Negative

3 layer sandwich
Pyruvic acid
- key intersection in several metabolic pathways.
- output of the anaerobic metabolism of glucose known as glycolysis

Author

chiroclown

82918

Card Set

MicroBio

Description

Chapters 1-8 (Supposedly

Updated

2011-05-01T04:46:46Z

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