bio final pt 1

  1. True or False. Homeostasis involves maintaining the same internal body conditions without change
    False
  2. What is the purpose of hydrogen bonds in DNA?
    • They occur between complementary bases of the 2 strands of DNA
    • They hold together the two strands of the double helix.
  3. How is margarine made from liquid plant oils?
    Add hydrogen atoms to the carbon atoms in the fatty acid chains.
  4. A theory is best described as
    a hypothesis confirmed by many experiments
  5. Which of these is NOT a useful function of fat in the body?
    Forms the bulk of brain tissue
  6. What component of the scientific method allows you to reject a hypothesis?
    experimentation
  7. Human beings differ from other living organisms by which of the following characteristics?
    Possess cultural heritage
  8. Which of the following statements is/are true of carbohydrates?
    They may be monomers or polymers
  9. Unsaturated fatty acids are
    Missing one or more hydrogen atoms along the carbon chains.


    Characterized by double bonds between carbon atoms.
  10. What toxic by-product builds up in human cells when oxygen is not used in the energy yielding processes?(Check and be sure of spelling)
    lactic acid
  11. Contains the genetic information necessary for control of cell structure and function
    nucleus
  12. Membraneous channels involved in protein and lipid synthesis and transport
    endoplasmic reticulum
  13. Small organelles where protein synthesis occurs.
    ribosomes
  14. Stacks of flattened sacs that modify proteins and lipids.
    golgi apparatus
  15. Allows only certain molecules or ions to enter and exit the cytoplasm freely.
    plasma membrane
  16. The energy yielding process occuring in cells where glucose is broken down to carbon dioxide and water is called
    cellular respiration
  17. When oxygen is not available in the cell for the production of ATP, how much ATP can be made?
    2
  18. Substances are surrounded and engulfed by the plasma membrane
    endocytosis
  19. Molecules are transported across the plasma membrane from the side of higher concentration to the side of lower concentration with the help of protein carriers
    facilitated transport
  20. Random movement of molcules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration until they are equally distributed
    diffusion
  21. Diffusion of water across a plasma membrane
    osmosis
  22. Movement of a solute across the plasma membrane from lower solute concentation to higher solute concentration requiring both protein carriers and energy
    active transport
  23. In the reaction equation: A----B----C----D, A through D is known as a:
    metabolic pathway
  24. The energy yielding process where glucose is broken down to carbon dioxide and water in three subpathways yields how many molecules of ATP in human cells?
    36
  25. Attached to certain points of the plasma membrane are short chains of sugars which act as a ____________ for chemical messengers such as hormones
    receptor
  26. The reaction of an enzyme with a substrate is sometimes assisted by organic nonprotein molecules called
    coenzymes
  27. Thr processes that release energy in the human cell begin in the cytoplasm but are completed in the organelle known as the
    mitochondria
  28. The energy yielding process in cells where glucose is broken down to carbon dioxide and water has three subpathways. The first is:
    glycolysis
  29. _____________ is the energy yielding process that occurs in human cells when oxygen is NOT available.(
    fermentation
  30. Enzymes and substrates are brought together in a specific region of the enzyme known as the:
    active site
  31. The structure of the plasma membrane is described as a bilayer of:
    lipids
  32. In the reaction equation: A----B----C----D, what is always required in the cell to proceed from A to B to C to D
    Specific enzymes
  33. Molecules of ____________ are found embedded throughout the fluid plasma membrane
    protein
  34. The energy yielding process in cells where glucose is broken down to carbon dioxide and water has three subpathways. The final subpathway, and the one that yields the most energy is
    electron transport system
  35. The energy currency of the cell is
    ATP
  36. In the equation of a chemical reaction: A----B----C----D, A is the:
    beginning reactant
  37. In the reaction equation: A----B----C----D, D is the:
    endproduct
Author
Grctiff
ID
82898
Card Set
bio final pt 1
Description
bio final pt 1
Updated