-
E. Coli-
classify
- Indole +
- gram -
- rod
- enterobacteriaceae
- areobe
-
Proteus mirabilis
classify
- gram -
- enterobacteriaceae
- bacilli
- indole -
-
Proteus vulgaris
- bacilli
- gram -
- indole +
- aerobe
- enterobacteriaceae
-
Serratia Spp
enterbacteriaceae
-
enterbacteriaceae
- gram -
- live in GI
- aerobe
- all are oxidase negative
- E. Coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, proteus mirabilis, proteus vulgaris, providencia stuartii, enterobacter spp.,
- morganella morganii, Serratia
-
Morganella morganii
enterobacteriaceae
-
Enterbacter spp.
Enterobacteriaceae
-
Providencia stuartii
enterobacteriaceae
-
Indole positive?
E. Coli, Proteus Vulgaris
-
Indole negative?
Proteus mirabilis
-
Nonenterobacteriaceae
- are oxidase +
- gram -
- bacilli
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa- most pathogenic
- Stenotrophomonas (Xanthomonas) maltiphilia- treat with bactrim
- Hemophilus influenzae (HIB not seen do to vaccine)
-
anerobe
Gram +
rod
name me and how to treat!
- Clostridium difficile
- PO vancomycin or flagel
start with metronidazole because is narrow spectrum dont respond in 3-5 days switch to PO vancomycin
-
Gram -
Anerobe
rod
name me!
Bacteroides fragilis--
causes foul smelling ulcers and abcesses
-
Atypical organisms-
are organisms that cannot grow outside the host
-
-
-
Legionella pneumophila
atypical organisms - water loving (jacuzzi, A/C)
-
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
- atypical organism
- "walking pneumonia"
-
Treponema Pallidum
spirochetes
-
Borrelia burgdorferi
spirochete
-
catalase test
- catalase breaks down toxic oxygen products like hydrogen peroxide or free radical oxygen
- if positive will bubble
- (add colony to hydrogen peroxide and bubbles will occur)
-
Coagulase test
- identifies staph aureus
- presence causes clumping when added to rabbit plasma
-
Staph saprophyticus
- gram +
- clusers
- catalase +
- coagulase -
- facultative anaerobe
-
staph epidermidis
- gram +
- cocci
- clusters
- catalase +
- coagulase -
- facultative anaerobe
-
Staph aureus
- gram +
- cocci in clusters
- catalase +
- coagulase +
- B hemolytic
- fac. anaerobe
-
group A strept
- Strept pyogenes
- catalase -
- fac anaerobe
- B hemolytic
- LATEX agglutination test!
-
Group B
- Strept agalaactiae
- catalase -
- facultative anaerobe
-
Group D
- Entercoccus faecalis
- Entercoccus faecium
- catalase -
- facultative anaerobe
- alpha beta and gamma hemolytic
-
Streptococci Viridans
- catlase -
- facultative anaerobe
- alpha hemolytic
-
Streptococci pneumoniae
- catalase -
- facultative anerobes
- alpha hemolytic
- use QUELLUNG test == + == most likely strept pneumoniea
- detects encapsulated bacteria
-
oxidase test
all entobacteriaceae are oxidase -
-
Nisseria meningiditis
oxidase
catalase
gram
toxin
test
- oxidase +
- Catalase +
- gram -
- Aerobes
- LPS toxin
- diplococci
- latex agglutination
-
N. Gonorrhea
oxidase?
catalase?
conditions?
- Oxidase +
- Catalase +
- Aerobic
- gram -
- best in high CO2 environment
- toxins LPS
-
Morexella catarrhalis - previously neisseria
- cause URI
- gram -
- cocci
- non motile
- oxidase +
- catalase +
- Aerobes
-
enterobacteriaceae
- gram - rods
- catalase +
- oxidase -
- indole + : e coli, proteus vulgaris
- LPS toxin
- facultative anaerobes
-
Ps. aeruginosa
- gram - rods
- most likely in immunocompromised
- oxidase +
- obligate areobes
- LPS
- green metalic appearing colonies
-
H. Influenzae
- Gram - rods
- LPS
- B= capsule which is most virulent
-
septicemia causative agents in adults
- S. Aureus
- E. Coli
- P. aeruginosa
-
Septicemia in children
- S. Aureus
- Group B Strept
- E. Coli
- Listeria monocytogenes
-
Meningitis Adults
S. pneumoniae
-
Meningitis children
- H. influenzae
- N. meningitidis
- S. pneumoniae
-
Meningitis Infants
- Group B Streptococcus
- E. Coli
- Listeria monocytogenes
- H influenzae
- N meningitidis
- S pneumoniae these 3 in >1 month
-
Meningitis Empiric therapy in adultes
- Cefotaxime 2 gm IV q4h
- or
- Ceftriaxone 2gm IV q12h
- plus
- Vancomycin 1 gm IV q8h until results are available
-
Endocarditis
- S. epidermidis
- S. aureus
- Viridans Streptococcus
- Enterococcus spp.
- Ps. aeruginosa
-
Osteomyelitis
- S. aureus
- Salmonella app.
- P. Aeruginosa
-
Skin infections
- S. aureus
- S. pyogenes
- Gram-negative bacilli
- Bacteroides spp.
- Enterococcus spp.
- Clostridium spp.
-
Otitis Media
- H. influenzae
- S. pyogenes
- M. catarrhalis
- S. pneumoniae
-
UTI
- E. coli
- S. saprophyticus
- Proteus spp.
- Klebsiella spp.
- Providencia spp.
- P. aeruginosa
- Enterococcus spp.
-
CAP
- S. pneumoniae
- H. influenzae
- M. catarrhalis
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