-
def of Learning
persistent change in behavior resulting from repeated practice or experience which includes interaction of both behavior and environment
-
State-dependent learning –
- learning can be influenced by a person‘s internal state or the
- external environment in which the information was first acquired. Consequently, retrieval
- of information may be more efficient when the person is in the same internal state/external environment as when the information was learned (e.g., improved recall when studying ―state‖ resembles testing ―state)
-
Classical Conditioning
- learning as a result of the contiguity of environmental events
- Pavlov's dogs
- extinction, stimulus generalization, discrimination, aversive conditioning
- Clinical apps: Learned Helplessness; System Desensitization
-
Operant Conditioning
- learning as a result of the consequences of voluntary actions
- Skinner's Rats and levers
- Trial-and-error
- Positive-reinforcent
- Negative reinforcemnt: removal of aversive event (escape learning, avoidance learning)
- Reinforcement schedule (and extinction)
-
Social learning
- Model: learning thru observation and imitation
- Shaping: rewarding/reinforcing behavior that are closer and closer to desired (potty training)
- involves both classical and operant
- Bobo dolls, AA
-
Cognitive Learning
- obtaining, organizing, and using intellectual knowledge
- -understanding cause and effect/ action and conseq
- Cognitive dissonance: (cheesecake)
|
|
