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At what age can ibuprofen be used in children?
at least 6mo
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At what age can intranasal decongestants be used in children?
at least 6yrs old
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At what age can systemic decongestants be used in children?
at least 4yo
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At what age can antihistamines be used in children for cold?
avoid use in colds
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At what age can local anesthetics be used in children for cold?
- Benzocaine at least 2yo
- Phenol at least 3yo (some 6yo)
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What is the appropriate pediatric dosing of acetaminophen?
- 10-15mg/kg q 4-6h
- 5 doses max/24h
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What is the appropriate pediatric dosing of ibuprofen?
- 5-10mg/kg q 6-8h
- 4 doses max/24h
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What intranasal decongestants can be used in kids 6 and over?
- Phenylephrine
- Oxymetazoline
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What systemic decongestants can be used in kids 4 and up?
- Pseudoephedrine
- Phenylephrine
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What antitussives can be used in kids 4 and up?
dextromethorphan
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What antitussives can be used in kids 6 and up?
codeine
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At what age can guaifenesin be used in kids for cough?
over 12yo
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Who should be referred to the physician for pediatric colds?
- < 3mo with rectal temp 100.4 or higher
- Any child with rectal temp 104 or higher
- sx of bacterial infection
- underlying immunodeficiency
- fever for more than 3d
- kids under 4 with cold sx if meds desired
- kids with ear pain
- thrush or severe sore throat
- unusual fatigue or lethargy
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Who should be referred to the physician for pediatric cough?
- kids under 4
- productive cough with thick yellow/green sputum
- underlying condition
- possible foreign body aspiration
- cough over 7d duration
- hemoptysis
- sx of bacterial infection
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At what age should antihistamines be used for allergic rhinitis?
2yo or older
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What is the antihistamine of choice for pediatric allergic rhinitis?
loratadine
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What are the sedating antihistamines used in kids for allergic rhinitis?
- diphenhydramine
- brompheniramine
- chlorpheniramine
- doxylamine
- clemastine
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What are the nonsedating antihistamines used for pediatric allergic rhinitis?
- cetirizine
- loratadine
- fexofenadine
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At what age can cromolyn be used for pediatric allergic rhinitis?
at least 2yo
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What intranasal steroids are used for pediatric allergic rhinitis?
- mometasone 2yo or older
- fluticasone 4yo or older
- beclomethasone 6yo or older
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Who should be referred to the physician for pediatric allergic rhinitis?
- kids under 2yo
- sx of otitis media or sinusitis
- evidence of lower respiratory tract infection
- asthma
- nonallergic rhinitis
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What are the practical tips for parents caring for sick kids with cough/colds?
- Know the difference between different formulations of products
- Use syringes or droppers that have been calibrated; avoid household teaspoons and tablespoons
- Do not mix droppers, syringes, or cups between different meds
- Rinse delivery devices after each use with warm water
- Hold child in normal feeding position or in a high chair/car seat
- Give slowly to avoid choking. Put in side of mouth near cheek.
- Stroke the chin or blow gently in the face to encourage swallowing
- Do not refer to med as candy. keep out of reach
- Do not force to take, but stay firm and kind
- Avoid chewables if loose teeth present
- Praise for cooperation
- Flavor the med at the pharmacy if they won't take it
- Review ingredients and doses
- Keep poison control number near every phone in the house
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