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What are 2 characteristics on an animal?
- 1) classified b/t 30 and 35 phyla
- 2) all phyla were present in the beginning of the Cambrian along with a great variety of now-extinct phyla recorded in the Burgess shale.
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Name 2 characteristics of a protest?
- 1) unicellular
- 2) eukaryotic
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2 Characteristics of bacteria
one of the 2 prokaryotic domains, second is archea.
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Hox Genes are what?
genes that specify segment identity- whether a segment of the embryo will form part of the head, thorax, or abdomen, for instance.
genes are crutial for number & plavement of embryonic segment structures (legs, eyes,etc.)
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Distinguish between Radial and Bilateral Symmetry.
Radial:Sessile or drifting, no cephalization.
Bilateral Symmetry: Motile, active lifestyle, and has a cephalization (head), sensory organs, expected movement, coordination, and high metabolism.
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what is an acoelomate?
solid bodied animal lacking a cavity b/t gut and outer body wall.
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distinguish amoung acoelomate, Pseudoclomate animals and coelomate
Acoelomate(flatworms) do NOT have a coelum(body cavity)
Pseudocoelomate(roundworms) have a body cavity but does not develop from splitting of the mesoderm.
Coelomate animals( fish, shrimp) have a body cavity lined with mesoderm cells.
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functions of the body cavity?
- 1) provides space for organs
- 2) cushions organs
- 3) can function as a hydrostatic
- 4) Coelomates have a more efficient digestive system
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Distinguish between dipoblastic and tripoblastic.
- Dipoblastic are radial symmetry. (comb jelly)
- Tripoblastic are Bilateral symmentry(coelomates, Psuedocoelomates, Ascoelomates)
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Differences in Spiral and radial cleavage
- Spiral: determinate cleavage
- Radial: Indeterminate cleavage
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Differences in determinate and Indeterminate cleavage
InDeterminate: if these cells are separated from each other, each has the potential to develop into entire organism on its own.
Determinate: If these cells are separated, they will die. Neither has the potential to develop into an organism on its own.
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Protosomes and Deuterostomes
Pattern of cleavage is the spiral cleavage and determinate cleavage for Protosome.
solid masses of mesoderm split and form coelom
- Radial Cleavage and Indeterminate cleavage for Deuterostomes
- Folds of archenteron form coelm
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