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Describe two of the mining, processing, and drilling methods that can degrade water or air quality
- mountain top mining and strip mining
- fracture mining, refinement
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What is NEPA?
National Environmental Protection Act
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What are two environmental concerns associated with oil?
highly flammable and takes a long time to degrade and clean upTransport, hazardous chemical, corrosive, causes cancer, last in the environment for a long time
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What is the difference between a mineral and a rock?
minerals have a specific structure and crystal while rocks are made of minerals
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What is an open dump?
an open dump that is open to the environment and anything can come in while hazardous chemicals get out
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What are two environmental concerns associated with natural gas?
transportation, explosive, mining, drilling, etc.
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What is a sanitary landfill?
more regulations and restrictions, layer of clay and plastic, sealed
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What are citizen science projects?
ordinary citizen can unite with a scientists and help in science projects and research
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What is a hazardous waste landfill?
hazardous waste landfill is like a sanitary landfill but more sanitaryHas hazardous waste, capped
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What are two environmental concerns associated with nuclear power?
hazardous, difficult, radioactive material, health concerns, nuclear meltdown
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What are two benefits of recycling waste?
economic and better for the environment, reuse, save money, economical, better than setting land for landfills and dumps
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Why are international environmental conventions and treaties often ineffective?
not enforced and only an agreement that can be broken easily
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Briefly describe the rock cycle.
weathering, sedimentary, metamorphicBreakdown and reprocessingCycle of creation, destruction, and reprocessing/metamorphosis
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What are two ways that you can influence policy?
protesting and lobbyingCalling or writing to the senator, etc.
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What are two environmental concerns associated with coal?
refining and miningAir pollution, the types of mining, destroying environment to get it, transportation, burning
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What is a superfund?
site to set money aside for taken from takes that supports the cleanup of hazardous waste
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What are two concerns/problems associated with recycling programs?
people don’t help out and also the economical costs (wrong)
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What is one important provision of NEPA?
requires large government projects to write an environmental impact statementSets up a CEQ
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Why do people move to cities?
more opportunities jobs, housing, closer to work, etc.
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Name and describe two alternative energy sources.
- Solar uses panels to create energy
- wing uses turbines to create energy
- geothermal
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Define environmental policy?
statues, regulations, and rules that the government has to protect the environment
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What is a shantytown?
illegal substandard housing built from trash
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List two things each of us could do to help preserve our common environment.
many: smaller homes, less items
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What is a floodplain?
water flooding a plain
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What is a slum?
legal substandard housing generally government founded
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What is natural resource accounting/economics?
placing a value on naturePollination, soil water air recycling, things that we don’t pay for now
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Why is waste incineration a problem?
the pollutants that are released into the atmosphere
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What are two ecosystems service humans get from the environment for free?
pollination, water air recycling
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What are two products we get from mining and how are they used?
- coal for electricity
- Gas for trasnportation
- Gold silver
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Define sustainable development?
meeting the needs of the present without harming/compromising the needs of the future generationsResources can renew themselves
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What are two examples of sustainable development that can be used in cities/businesses?
reflective material, alternative energy
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What are two methods of disposing of hazardous waste?
converting is to a less hazardous material and landfill
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In 1986, a nuclear power plant Ukraine
Chernobyl
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1989 oil tanker crashed reef
Exxon Valdez
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1950s entire community waste dump
Love Canal
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1984 toxic pesticide cloud released Bhopal India
Union Carbide
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1979 nuclear power plant Pennsylvania
Three-Mile Island
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2008 spilling coal fly ash spill Tennesse
TVA
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When we purchase a product the price we pay reflects the ____ cost of producing it. If the manufacture of the product pollutes, then the costs of this pollution are termed ____ costs.
internal, external
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“Subduction” is the process of a tectonic plate
being forced below another platebeing forced below another plate
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The Christmas bird count, in which local people work with scientists
a) citizen science
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Businesses are not willing to become “green” because
d) improves their image and saves money in the end
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Which of the following statements about coal is false?
c) “clean coal” is a new way to refine coal before it is used commercially making it less toxic
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A giant swell known as a tsunami is caused by
b) earthquakes
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An environmental impact statement is required for any significant federal actions as a part of?
d) NEPA
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Recycling aluminum is most important for?
e) all
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Chemical processing is a way of ____ hazardous waste for safe disposal.
b) neutralizing
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____ in the mantle and core make tectonic plates move.
d) convection currents
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Why would the top ten most influential environmental organizations be critized
they have spent too much time in Washington
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How are rocks classified?
e) chemical composition, physical properties, internal structures
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Traditional suburban developments does not (not on exam)
c)facilitate social interactions among neighbors
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If metals are deposited in streambeds ____ what method would probably be used?
a placer mining
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Most useful oil deposits are usually found?
b) saturating porous rocks, like water in a sponge
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The physical break down of a rock into smaller pieces is called?
mecanical weathering
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The 10 most influential environmental organizations are most useful in?
c) respected in Washington
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Control rods in a nuclear reactor are used to?
a) absorb neutrons
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Environmental literacy partly consists of being able to?
b) understand the basic principles of ecology
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Photovoltaic cells work because solar energy striking their surface
b) release electrons, causing an electric potential in attached wires
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Problems associated with gemstones and precious metals such as gold and diamonds include which of the following?
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Recycling, in terms of solid waste managments means?
Melting or shredding to create new products
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Metamorphic rocks are produced when rocks are?
b) recystalzed
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Ecological economics is different from the other economic theories because it recognizes the
e) human economy as one part of a dynamic world system
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Rock formed from magma extruded to the surface through
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Urbanizations began to grow especially quickly after what?
Industrial revolution
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In a criminal case, being found guilty can result in ______ and in a civil case being found guilty can result in ____.
Criminal is jail and monetary; civil is only monetary
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Which is true?
The US has only enough proven oil supplies to last 4 years at current rates of consumption
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Which of the following is not a problem associated with international agreements?
d
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When a factory pollutes a river, the costs and losses that affect people downstream would be called what?
b) external
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