Bio Lecture Ch 42 Vocab

Harmful organisms and viruses that can cause disease.

• Recognition Phase - the organism must be able to distinguish self and non self
• Activation Phase - leads to the movement of cells and molecules to fight the invader
• Effector Phase - the mobile cells destroying the invader cells

• Nonspecific (innate) defenses
• Specific (adaptive) defenses

• provide the first line of defense
• acts within minutes to hours

• aimed at specific pathogens
• can make a specific target protein to destroy a specific pathogen
• develop slowly and are long lasting

• solution containing ions, molecular solutes, soluble proteins
• suspended in the plasma; RBCs, WBCs, Platelets

• fluid derived from blood and other tissues in the intercellular spaces
• moves through the vessels of the lymphatic system

sites along the lymph vessel that contains lymphocytes that filters lymph and activates an immune response

• a type of white blood cell in lymph nodes
• they encounter foreign cells and initiate immune response

• Phagocytes
• lymphocytes

• types of lymphocytes
• smaller than phagocytes

• Proteins that bind to specific substances IDed by the immune system
• "nonself / altered self"
• can inactivate viruses and toxins
• produced by B Cells

• proteins important for self IDing labels
• play major role in coordinating interactions between lymphocytes and macrophages

• integral membrane proteins
• recognize and bind to nonself substances

• soluble signaling proteins
• released by many cell types
• they alter the behavior of their target cells

• bacteria and fungi that normally live in great numbers on our bodies
• don't cause disease

• enzymes in the nose and other system
• attacks the cells walls of many bacteria and causes them to explode

• antimicrobial proteins
• have a characteristic sequence

• signaling proteins
• increase resistance to infection

• the first responders to tissue damage
• release chemical signals