-
Antoine du Prat
- entered his Church at his funeral
- shows corruption of the Church
-
Brethren of the Common Life
- Holland
- Stark simplicity, helped community, taught in schools, Kempis
-
Thomas Kempis
"The Imitation of Christ"
-
"Oratories of Divine Love"
Priests work to revive the church through prayer
-
Pope Julius II's ecumenical council
Meeting to try to reinvigorate Church's importance
-
Martin Luther
- 95 Theses
- Father of Protestantism
-
John Staupitz
Directed Luther to Saint Paul's letters
-
Archbishop Albert of Magdeburg
Sold indulgences to repay Fuggers for Archbishopship
-
John Tetzel
Mounted indulgence advertising blitz
-
Diet at Worms
- Condemned Luther as a heretic
- Charles V
-
John Eck
Catholic who argues with Luther, calls him a Hussite
-
Consubstantiation
Bread and Wine go through spiritual change
-
Transubstantiation
Actual flesh and body of Christ
-
Peasant Revolt of 1525
- Luther turns on peasants that revolt too far.
- Strengthened rulers and peasant economic conditions
-
Marriage of Maximilian I and Mary of Burgundy (1477)
Rise of the Habsburgs
-
Peace of Augsburg
Officially recognized Lutherism
-
John Wyclif
- Shocked at degradation of CHurch in Avignon Captivity
- Church should focus on Holy Scripture
-
John Hus
- Clergy less necessary
- Are offices needed?
-
Wittenburg U
- Founded by Elector Fredrick
- Philip Melancthon
-
Fuggers
- Control of commodities
- Banking
-
"Address to the German Nobility"
- Luther
- Princes to reform
- Fewer Festivals
- Improve Education
-
"Freedom of Christian Man"
Christians serve neighbor
-
Anabaptists
- Insist on rebaptism
- Get rid of social distinctions
-
Zwingli
- Swiss
- Takes wife
- Eucharist is symbolic
-
John Calvin
- Geneva
- "The Institutes of the Christian Religion" (1536)
- Absolute sovereignty and omnipotence of God=total weakness of man
-
Predestination
God decides who would be saved and who damned
-
"Genevan Catechism" (1541)
- Q and A
- Summary of faith
- Guide for daily living
-
Genevan Consistory
Religious government
-
Lollards
- Wyclif's followers
- Individual interpretation of the Bible
-
WIlliam Tyndale
English translation of the New Testament
-
King Henry VIII
Creates Anglicans
-
"The Act in Restraint of Appeals" (1534)
King is Supreme
-
"The Act for the Submission of the Clergy" (1534)
Royal permission to pass religious laws
-
"The Supremacy Act" (1534)
King is the supreme head of the Curch of England
-
Thomas Cromwell
Commonwealth
-
Pilgrimage of Grace (1536)
Pilgrimage (probably of Grace)
-
Edward VI
Cranmer prepares first "Book of Common Prayer" (1549)
-
Mary Tudor
- Catholic
- Basically a bitch
-
Elizabeth
"Elizabethan Settlement"-Parlimentary legislation of E's early reign-GO TO CHURCH!!!
-
"Thirty-Nine Articles"
Basic tenets of Church of England
-
Mary, Queen of Scots
Tries to dethrone E, but FAILS
-
John Knox
- Presbyterian church of Scotland (aih!)
- "Book of Common Order" 1564
-
Gustavus Vasa
- 1520 Revolt against Denmark
- Olas Petri-Translates New Testament
-
Christian III of Denmark
Sets up secular, Lutherian Church
-
Clement VII
Pope interested in art more than disputes
-
Pope Paul III
Establishes Inquisition with reformers like Gian Pietro Caraffa
-
Battle of Pavia (1525)
Francis I defeated
-
Council of Trent
- Catholic reforms
- Validation to Scriptures
- Tridentine-bishops need to stay in diocese
- No Indulgences
-
"Ursuline order of nuns"
- Angela Merici
- Education of Women
- Combats heresy
-
"The Society of Jesus"
- Ignatius Loyola
- Jesuits
- "Spiritual Exercises" (1548)-directed individual and will to reform of life
-
"Index of Prohibited Books"
- Blacklist
- Law, classical lit, and math untouched
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