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A term used to describe the stereotyping of and discrimination against the elderly:
Ageism
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Most common health complaints of elderly:
Weight gain, fatigue, loss of bone mass, stifness and loneliness
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Cognitive effects in the elderly are caused by:
Disease, aging and disuse
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Progressive cognitive impairment that eventually interferes with daily function:
Dementia
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Most common form of Dementia:
Alzheimer’s
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One in five persons over the age of 65 shows signs of:
Clinical depression
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Top 10 Geriatric Chronic Conditions:
Arthritis, Hypertension, Hearing impairment, heart disease, cataracts, deformity/orthopedic impairment, chronic sinusitis, diabetes, visual impairment, vericose veins
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First apparent signs of aging involves which system?
Integumentary
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Most common skin diseases of geriatric patients:
Herpes zoster (shingles), malignant tumors, decubitus ulcers
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Most common skin tumors:
Basal Cell carcinoma, Malignant Melanoma, Squamous cell cercinoma
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Most common cause of disability:
Nervous system disorders
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What can lead to dementia?
Cerebral infarcts
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Nervous system disorders are affected by the degree of:
Atherosclerosis (blood flow to brain)
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What is presbyopia?
Age-related farsightedness
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What is presbycusis?
Hearing loss of tone
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What is hyposmia?
Loss of smell
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Reduction in bone mass and density:
Osteoporosis
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Chronic deterioration of joint cartilage; obesity is risk factor:
Degenerative joint disease, osteoarthritis
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Second most common cause of disability in U.S.:
Degenerative joint disease
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Symptoms of degenerative joint disease:
Pain, swelling, decrease in range of motion in joint
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Damage to what system affects entire body?
Cardiovascular
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Most common cause of death worldwide?
Cardiovascular Disease
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Loss of arterial elasticity increases:
Systolic blood pressure
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Fall in blood pressure when rising from supine to standing:
Postural hypotension
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Fatty plaques in arterial walls; predominant change in blood vessels:
Atherosclerosis
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Atherosclerosis increases ris of _____, increases ____ formation and may cause___, ____, or ____.
Aneurysm, clot, embolism, heart attack, stroke
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Inability of heart to propel blood at sufficient rate and volume:
Congestive heart failure
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What is second to lung cancer as cause of cancer-related mortality?
Colorectal
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Immune system decline increases vulnerability to:
Diabetes, pneumonia, nosocomial infections
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Three general categories of illness that preferentially afflict the elderly:
Infections, Cancer, Autoimmune Disease
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Prevalent infections of the aged includes:
Influenza, pneumonia, tuberculosis, meningitis, uti’s.
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Shortness of breath in the elderly is usually caused by:
Stiffness of muscles and rib cage
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Most common cancer-related death:
Lung cancer
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Symptoms of anemia:
Pale skin, shortness of breath, fatigue
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Anemia can be caused by:
Insufficient dietary intake, Inflammation or destruction of GI lining to absorb vitamin B
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Most well known genitourinary system disorders:
Incontinence
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A normal dose can cause overdose in elderly due to:
Decreased number of nephrons in kidneys
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Enlargement of prostate gland that can obstruct urine flow:
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (common in men over 70)
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Third most common cancer in males:
Prostate cancer (over 80% over age 65)
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Most common age-related endocrine disorder:
Diabetes mellitus
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