HPRS Exam 5

Aspart

MOA: Mimincs spikes of physiologic secretion of insulin after eating (post prandial)

Lispro

MOA: Mimincs spikes of physiologic secretion of insulin after eating (post prandial)

Glulisine

MOA: Mimincs spikes of physiologic secretion of insulin after eating (post prandial)

Regular Insulin

MOA: Mimincs spikes of physiologic secretion of insulin after eating (post prandial)

NPH (neutral protamine hagedorn)

MOA: Mimics normal pancreatic insuling secretion with constant levels

Detemir

MOA: Mimics normal pancreatic insuling secretion with constant levels

Glargine

MOA: Mimics normal pancreatic insuling secretion with constant levels

Diabeta

MOA: stimulates pancreatic secretion of insulin from Beta cells

Glucotrol

MOA: stimulates pancreatic secretion of insulin from Beta cells

Amaryl

MOA: stimulates pancreatic secretion of insulin from Beta cells

Orinase

MOA: stimulates pancreatic secretion of insulin from Beta cells

Diabinese

MOA: stimulates pancreatic secretion of insulin from Beta cells

Glucophage

MOA:
1) increases insulin receptor sensitivity in muscle and adipose tissue
2) inhibits hepatic gluconeogenesis

Actos

MOA:
1) increases insulin sensitivity
2) decreases hepatic gluconeogenesis

Avandia

MOA:
1) increases insulin sensitivity
2) decreases hepatic gluconeogenesis

Precose

MOA:
1) inhibits enzyme in small intestine
2) prevents hydrolysis of sucrose & complex CHOs (carbs)
3) delays glucose absorption
4) lowers postprandial hyperglycemia

Glyset

MOA:1) inhibits enzyme in small intestine2) prevents hydrolysis of sucrose & complex CHOs (carbs)3) delays glucose absorption4) lowers postprandial hyperglycemia

Prandin

MOA: stimulates insuling release from pancreatic Beta cells

Starlix

MOA: stimulates insuling release from pancreatic Beta cells

Symlin

MOA:
1) acts as analog for amylin
2) secreted with insulin by beta cells
3) reduces postprandial glucose increases (hyperglycemia)

Januvia

MOA:
1) Inhibit DPP-4 enzyme
2) prolongs active GLP-1 & GIP secretion levels from incretin system

Onlyza

MOA:1) Inhibit DPP-4 enzyme2) prolongs active GLP-1 & GIP secretion levels from incretin system

Byetta

MOA:
1) Acts as analog of GLP-1 hormone
2) increases Beta cell growth & replication
3) increases insulin secretion
4) slows gastric emptying
5) may decrease food intake

Victoza

MOA:
1) Acts as analog of GLP-1 hormone
2) increases Beta cell growth & replication
3) increases insulin secretion
4) slows gastric emptying
5) may decrease food intake

Cortisol

MOA:
1) reduces inflammation
2) Immunosuppression
3) wide spread effect in body

Prednisone

MOA:
1) reduces inflammation
2) Immunosuppression
3) wide spread effect in body

Methylprednisone

MOA:
1) reduces inflammation
2) Immunosuppression
3) wide spread effect in body

Triamcinolone

MOA:
1) reduces inflammation
2) Immunosuppression
3) wide spread effect in body

Dexamethasone

MOA:1) reduces inflammation2) Immunosuppression3) wide spread effect in body

Aldosterone

MOA:
1) promostes reabsorption of Na
2) promotes excretion of K & H
3) Tx for orthostatic hypotension & Addison's Disease

Fludrocortisone

MOA:1) promostes reabsorption of Na2) promotes excretion of K & H3) Tx for orthostatic hypotension & Addison's Disease

Propylthiouracil

MOA:
1) blocks hormone synthesis
2) blocks conversion of T₄ to T_{3
*preferred in women breast feeding}

Tapazole

MOA: only blocks hormone synthesis
_{* dosed once qd}

Synthroid

MOA: Synthetic T₄

Levothroid

MOA: synthetic T₄

Levoxyl

MOA: synthetic T₄

Unithroid

MOA: synthetic T₄

Amour Thyroid

MOA: disiccated beef or pork thyroid gland

Cytomel

MOA: synthetic T₃

Thyrolar

MOA: synthetic T₄:T₃ (4:1 ratio)

Ethinyl Estrodial

MOA:
1) supresses FSH release
2) blocks LH surge
3) prevents ovulation
4) stabalizes endometrial lining
5) provides cycle control

Mestranol

MOA: 1) supresses FSH release2) blocks LH surge3) prevents ovulation4) stabalizes endometrial lining5) provides cycle control

Desogestrel

MOA:
1) prevents sperm penetration by thickening cervical mucus
2) delays sperm transport by slowing tubal motility
3) prevents ovulation by blocking LH surge
_{*provides MOST of the contraceptive effect}

Drospirenone

MOA:
1) prevents sperm penetration by thickening cervical mucus
2) delays sperm transport by slowing tubal motility
3) prevents ovulation by blocking LH surge
_{*provides MOST of the contraceptive effect}

Norgestimate

MOA:
1) prevents sperm penetration by thickening cervical mucus
2) delays sperm transport by slowing tubal motility
3) prevents ovulation by blocking LH surge
_{*provides MOST of the contraceptive effect}

Norethindrone

MOA:
1) prevents sperm penetration by thickening cervical mucus
2) delays sperm transport by slowing tubal motility
3) prevents ovulation by blocking LH surge
_{*provides MOST of the contraceptive effect}

Cyclessa

MOA: contraceptive results with less adrenergic effects (hirsutism & acne)

Ortho Cept

MOA: contraceptive results with less adrenergic effects (hirsutism & acne)

Mircette

MOA: contraceptive results with less adrenergic effects (hirsutism & acne)

Desigen

MOA: contraceptive results with less adrenergic effects (hirsutism & acne)

Yasmin

MOA:
1) antimineralocorticoid acts as progestin components
2) potassium-sparing (diuretic) effect
3) decrease in bloating & water retention

Yaz

MOA:
1) antimineralocorticoid acts as progestin components
2) potassium-sparing (diuretic) effect
3) decrease in bloating & water retention

Femcon Fe

MOA:
1) contains ethinyl estrodial & norethindrone
2) can be swallowed or chewed
3) take with 8 oz water

Ortho Evra

MOA:
apply one patch (buttock, upper arm/torso, abdomen) once a week for 3 weeks - off for one week

Progesterone

MOA: prevent endometrial hyperplasia or cancer

Black Cohosh

MOA: complimentary medicine that helps with night sweats

Serophene

MOA:
1) stimulates the release of FSH & LH from anterior pituitary gland
2) binds to estrogen receptors
3) signals to hypothalmus that estrogen levels are low
4) stimulates secretion of FSH & LH

Calcium carbonate

MOA: highest concentration - possible constipation

Vitamin D

MOA: maximizes intestinal Calcium absorption

alendronate

MOA:
1) bind to hydroxyapatite in bone
2) inhibits osteoclasts
3) decrease resorption

risedronte

MOA:
1) bind to hydroxyapatite in bone
2) inhibits osteoclasts
3) decrease resorption

Ibandronate

MOA:
1) bind to hydroxyapatite in bone
2) inhibits osteoclasts
3) decrease resorption

Zoledronic Acid

MOA:
1) bind to hydroxyapatite in bone
2) inhibits osteoclasts
3) decrease resorption

Evista

MOA:
1) Agonist at bone
2) Antagonist at breast & uterus
3) acts like estrogen to prevent bone loss

Fortical

MOA:
1) antagonizes the effects of parathyroid gland
2) inhibits osteoclast bone resorption

Miacalcin

MOA:
1) antagonizes the effects of parathyroid gland
2) inhibits osteoclast bone resorption

Forteo

MOA:
1) increases osteoblasts number & activity
2) increases bone remodling rate
3) increases bone formation

Prolia

MOA:
1) inhibits RANKL
2) decreases survival rate of osteoclasts
3) inhibits bone formation & function
4) decreased bone resorption
5) increase bone mass & strength

Magnesium

MOA: neutralizes gastric activity
- causes diarrhea

Caclium

MOA: neutralizes gastric activity
- causes constipation

Aluminum HO

MOA: neutralizes gastric activity
- causes diarrhea

Sodium Bicarbonate

MOA: neutralizes gastric activity
- causes constipation

Cimetidine

MOA:
1) inhibit histamine/H2 receptor interaction
2) decrease secretion of acid & pepsin

Famotidine

MOA:
1) inhibit histamine/H2 receptor interaction
2) decrease secretion of acid & pepsin

Nizatidine

MOA:
1) inhibit histamine/H2 receptor interaction
2) decrease secretion of acid & pepsin

Ranitidine

MOA:
1) inhibit histamine/H2 receptor interaction
2) decrease secretion of acid & pepsin

Omeprazolone

MOA:
1) inhibition of H/K ATP
2) blocks gastric acid secretion
3) prolonged & long lasting antisecretory effects

esomeprazole

MOA:
1) inhibition of H/K ATP
2) blocks gastric acid secretion
3) prolonged & long lasting antisecretory effects

lansoprazole

MOA:
1) inhibition of H/K ATP
2) blocks gastric acid secretion
3) prolonged & long lasting antisecretory effects

pantoprazole

MOA:
1) inhibition of H/K ATP
2) blocks gastric acid secretion
3) prolonged & long lasting antisecretory effects

rabeprazole

MOA:
1) inhibition of H/K ATP
2) blocks gastric acid secretion
3) prolonged & long lasting antisecretory effects

dexlansoprazole

MOA:
1) inhibition of H/K ATP
2) blocks gastric acid secretion
3) prolonged & long lasting antisecretory effects

Reglan

MOA:
1) enhances the action pof endogenous Ach
2) stimulates contraction of the LES
3) reduces daytime heartburn sxs best

Carafate

MOA: forms a protective barrier over damaged gastric mucosa

Misoprostol

MOA:
1) analog od prostaglandins
2) stimulate recpetors in gastric mucosa
3) mediate bicarbonate production & sedretion of mucous
4) create protective environement for the stomache
_{*uterine contractions - may cause miscarriage}