what is an opioid antagonist used to treat opioid overdose?
narcan
what are oral signs of a meth user? 2
rampant caries
burned mucosal surfaces
what are the meds to treat a meth abuser?
NO MEDS are available
a herion user will have ____ pupils
Pinpoint
cocaine user will have _____ pupils
dilated
what is chronic self-medication with a drug in excessive quantities called?
drug abuse
what is a drug craving, drug use causing personal and legal difficulties, overwhelming desire to obtain drugs, reuse of drugs despite personal difficulties called?
ADDICTION-psychologic dependence
what characteristics are:
an altered state of consciousness
development of tolerance
rapid onset of desired effects
abstinence syndrom if drug is discontinued abruptly after extended period of use?
characteristics of drug abuse
someone that is a _____ abuser will have inadequate response to local anesthetics
extensive decay and skin lesions
paranoia and aggressive behavior
hypertension and tachyarrhythmia
nutritional deficiency
METH ABUSER
experimentation stage of substance abuse is _______ use of _____ or other _____
voluntary
alcohol
drugs
t/f if someone is a regular to risky user of substance abuse, regular use is not always followed by dependence for effect
true
what is for friends and family members of ALCOHOL abuser support groups?
Al-Anon
substance abuse dependence is when a person may ____, maintain ______ and _____ relationships and limit ___ to certain periods of time
work
family
friends
use
what changes brain structure and function?
REPEATED DRUG USE
what is the medical condition involving psychological and physical changes from repeated use of substance called?
addiction
repeated drug use perisists after drug is _____
stopped
uncontrolled alcohol/drug craving
seeking and using that persists even in the face of adverse consequences are symptoms of _______
addiction
what are the differences in susceptibility of etiologic factors?
related to GENETIC influences
prescribing without exploration of pt's presenting complaint
prescribing drugs for prolonged periods without medical supervision
and giving n20/02 to a non-anxious pt are all _____ ______ by _______
drug misuse by prescriber
drug misuse is ________
inappropriate
substance abuse is a "________"
handicap
what classifies substance abuse as a HANDICAP
promotes opportunity to regain place in society
protects discrimination of employment?
Rehabilitation Act
what is the indiscriminate or inappropriate use of drugs called?
drug misuse
what is the self-administration of drug increasing quantities, resulting in dependence, functional impairment, and deviation from approved social norms?
drug abuse
what is the reduced drug effect after repeated use called?
tolerance
caffeine
cocaine
marijuana
codeine amphetamines
nitrous oxide are drugs of _______ abuse
common
what is DAWN? what is #1 and #2 commonly abused resulting in an emergency visit?
drug abuse warning network
#1 = alcohol and
#2 cocaine most widely abused resulting in emergency visit
heroin can be sued by ______ or ______ and then progress to _____
smoking
SC
IV
what use of heroin often leads to infective endocarditis, sepsis, hepatitis, and blood borne diseases?
heroin
what are overdose signs of a heroin user? 3
unconsciousness
respiratory depression
extreme miosis (pinpoint pupils)
what treats Acute narcotic overdose?
Nalaxone
what is used in treatment of chronic alcohol abuse?
Naltrexone
6 hours or more after last injection = ________ syndrome
abstinence
anxiety
dysphoria
seizure
piloerection (goosebumps)
nausea
vomiting
lacrimation
sweating
abdominal cramping
possible death! (alcohol)
are signs and symptoms of what withdrawal?
opiates/opioids
what is an unmedicated withdrawal of an opiate/opioid user?
cold turkey (goosebumps)
what are the three most widely known members of sympathomimetic stimulants?
cocaine
methamphetamine
amphetamine
what is a highly addictive synthetic amine?
METH
Vasoconstrictors + Meth = what?
increased blood pressure and stroke
what stimulates release and then blocks reuptake of seritonine, dopamine, norepinephrine in the brain?
Meth
what is characterized by skin lesions, rampant decay, and INTOLERANCE to vasoconstrictors?
Meth
what are street names for meth?
speed
ice
chalk
crank
crystal
what is the frequent use of drug, chronic xerostomia, frequent ingestion of carbonated sugary drinks result in?
rapid decay
cocaine placed in the vestibule leads to what?
loss of attachment
SEVERE RECESSION OF BUCCAL GINGIVA
in presence of otherwise healthy periodontium
Vasoconstrictors are contraindicated with ______!
cocaine
what is the property of a drug that leads to self-administration called?
reinforcing efficacy
what are the runs? (withdrawal effect of cocaine)
extended, uninterrupted sequences (person wants to stay high and takes more when they start to feel down)
t/f an alcoholic can have healthy periodontium, but they can have localized periodontitis
true
what enhances the effects of other CNS depressants?
benzodiazepine
what is CNS depression + benzodiazepine lethal combo =
RESPIRATORY COLLAPSE- cardiac arrest esp. with alcohol
what is using alcohol in excessive amounts or for longer than advised (binge drinking) called?
alcohol MISUSE
what alcohol abuse is a common problem?
ethyl alcohol
what is the biologic explanation of an alcohol user and perio tissue?
