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What is cerebral palsy (basic)?
- non-progressive developmental, disability, resulting from brain injury within first 5 years of life
- symptoms may change as child develops by does NOT progress
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What are pre-natal causes of cerebral palsy?
- Infections
- syphillis
- influenza
- viral hepatitis
- toxins
- mutliple births
- maternal disease
- familia cerebral palsy
- fetal anoxia
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What are some infections that cause cerebral palsy?
- TO: toxoplasmosis
- R: rubella
- C: cytomegalovirus
- H: herpes
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What are toxins that cause cerebral palsy?
- alcohol
- teratogenic medications: streptomycin, radiation therapy, HTN meds, epilepsy meds
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What is the most common cause of mental retardation?
ALCOHOL
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What are different maternal diseases that cause Cerebral palsy?
- diabetes
- renal insufficiency
- HTN
- pre-eclampsia
- malnutrition
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What are peri-natal causes of Cerebral palsy?
- fetal distress
- prolonged labor
- prolapsed cord (cord comes out first)
- placenta previa (placenta comes first then mom hemorrhages)
- premature
- low birth weight
- Rh factor
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What are post natal causes of cerebral palsy
- meningitis
- trauma/abuse
- drowning
- high fever
- poisons
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What are the different types of spastic cerebral palsy?
- hemiplegia
- diplegia
- quadriplegia
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What is hemiplegia?
- 1/3 of cases from prenatal causes
- most common
- shoulder is adducted, retracted, adn IR
- elbow is flexed
- wrist and hand are flexed
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What is diplegia?
- legs more involved typically after a complicated pregnancy or delivery
- IR and adduction of hip
- hip flexion with posterior or anterior pelvic tilt
- knee flexion
- plantarflexion
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What is quadriplegia?
all limbs are involved
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What is athetoid cerebral palsy?
- low tone trunk that caves to gravity
- writhing spontaneous and voluntary movements
- fluctuating spasticity in extremities
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What is athetoid cerebral palsy caused from>
anoxia at birth or Rh factor
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What are neurological/orthopedic problems from athetoid cerebral palsy?
- neurological: vision loss (cortical blindness), seizures, speech problems, swallowing problems, mental retardation, abnormal sensory integration, behavior/learning disorders
- orthopedic: scoliosis, subluxed hip, contractures
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What is the treatment for cerebral palsy?
- PT, OT, SpT, dietician, orthotist, ortho surgeon
- meds to control hypertonicity, seizures
- partial dorsal root rhizotomy
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What is partial dorsal root rhizotomy?
- dorsal roots are teased out
- highest response from H-relex will show area responsible for spasticity
- once spasticity is removed, work on gaining back strength
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