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Transmission-based precautions
Precautions used for patients known or suspected to be infected with transmitable pathogens
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percutaneous
Through the skin.
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Preservative in CBC tube
EDTA
To prevent clotting
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work practice controls
Practices that alter the way a task is performed to reduce the exposure of bloodnborne pathogens
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Needlestick Safety and Prevention Act
- -Revision and updating of exposure control Plan
- -Employee input
- -Modification of definitions
- -New record keeping
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engineering control
Devices that isolate or remove a bloodborne pathogen hazard
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suseptible host
Someone who has little resistance to an infectious agent
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PPE
Personal Protective Equipment
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Joint Commission
Requires every healthcare institution to have an infection control plan
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vector transmission
Transmission of an infectious agent by an insect, arthropod, or animal
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Hazcom
OSHA Hazardous Communication Standard
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fire tetrahedron
The latest way of looking at the chemistry of a fire by add the chemical reaction to the traditionel fire triangle of fuel, heat, and oxygen
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cdc
centers for disease control and prevention
charged with investigation and control of disease with epidemic potential
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Bloocbore Pathogen Standard
Designed to reduce occupational exposure to BBPs
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leukocytes
white blood cells
Combat infection and remove disintegrated tissue
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nosocmial infection
Infection acquired in a healthcare facility
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formites
Inanimate object that can harbor infectious agents
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NIOSH
National Institute fo Occupational Safety and Health
Conduct reasearch and make recommendations for prevention of work related injury and illness
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isolation procedures
Seporate patients with certain transmissible infections
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Presercative in CMP tube
Lithium heporin and gel
Prevents clotting and plasma separation
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reverse isolation
Measures taken to keep healthcare workers and others from transmitting infections to a patient
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subcutaneous
below the skin
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OSHA
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
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titers
amount or concentration of a substance in a solution
amount of antibodies in a patients blood
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antecubital fossa
most common vein used for venipuncture
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erythrocytes
red blood cells
carry O2 from the lungs to the body and transports CO2 from cells to lungs
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blood vessel structure
tunica, luman, and valves
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contact transmision
transfer of an infectious agent to a susceptible host through direct of indirect contact
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hand washing steps
- 1.stand back and dont touch sink
- 2.turn on water and wet hands
- 3.apply soap
- 4.scrub all surfaces
- 5. rub hands together vigorously
- 6.rings frin wrist to finger tips
- 7.dry hands with clean towel
- 8.turn of water with clean towel
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pathogen
microbe capable of causing disease
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HIV
human immunodeficiency virus
casuses aids
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immune
protected from or resistant to a particular disease or infection
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arteries
carry blood away from the heart
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permucosal
through mucous membranes
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pathogenic
capable of causing disease
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vihicle transmission
transmission of an infectious agent through contaminated food, water, drugs, or blood transfusion
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microbe
microorganism
microscopic or not visible to the naked eye
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quantitative
how much antibodies
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qualitative
positive of negative antibodies
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valves
prevents blood from flowing back
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lumen
internal space of a vessel which blood flows through
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neutropenic
abnormally small number of neautrophil cells in blood
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3 types of vessels
arteries, veins and capillaries
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what is reported to the cdc
outbreaks of infections or disease with epidemic potential
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differnce between serum and plasma
plasma contains fibrinogen and pulls out the clotting factors
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standard precautions
precations to use for all patients
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reservoir
the sorce of an infectios microorganism
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EPA
Environmental Protection Agency
regulates the disposal of hazadous waste
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symptoms of shock
- 1.pale,cold and clammy skin
- 2.rapid, weak pulse
- 3.increased breathing rate
- 4.expressionless face
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chain of infection
events that when present in a series lead to an infection
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tunica
outer layer of blood vessel
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biohazard
biological hazard
anything harmful to health
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veins
carry blood to the heart and other parts of the body
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airborne transmission
transmission of disease by dispersal of evaporated droplet nuclei containg an infectios agent
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parenteral
any route other that the digestive tract
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platelets
cellular elements that play a roll in blood clotting
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droplet transmission
transfer of an infectious agent to the membranes of the mouth, nose, or eyes via infectios droplet generated by coughing, sneezing, or talking
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HICPAC
healtcare infection control practices advisory comitee
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chain of infection steps
- 1.infectious agent
- 2.reservoir
- 3.exit pathway
- 4.means of transmission
- 5.entry pathway
- 6.susceptible host
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infectious agent
the pathogen that causes an infection
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BBP
bloodborne pathogens
infectious microorganisms in blood or body fluids
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