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Equal temperament
Standard tuning system with twelve pitches per octave
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Strophic
Repeating melody with different words on each repetition
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Consonance
Musical resolution
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Dissonance
Musical tension
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Counterpoint
Creating independent melodies that control consonance and dissonance
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Triads
Three-pitch chords
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Harmonic progression
Sequence of chords
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Ballad
Folk songs with strophic forms that told a story
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Broadsides
Printed ballad stories
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Landler
Austrian folk dance
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Diskantzither
Plucked zither with fretted fingerboard and open strings
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Hackbrett
Hammered zither
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Accordion
Popular folk and dance instrument in Austria
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Schrammel ensemble
Two violins, accordion, clarinet and harp guitar
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Yodeling
Quickly switching between vocal registers
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Vocables
Syllables without linguistic meaning
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Reel
Irish duple-meter dance
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Irish harp
Diatonic harp, smaller than European harp
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Bard
- Poet/composer/musician
- Kept history and genealogies
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Turlough O'Carolan
- Blind harpist
- Famous Irish bard
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Ceili
- Bands promoted by the Gaelic League
- Refined folk practices, notated harmonies for piano
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Fleadh
Festivals supporting traditional music
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Sean O Riada
Composer that reinvigorated sean nos and regional style
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The Chieftans
Ensemble that brought traditional music to the world stage
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Celtic music
Wide range of Irish influenced music
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celts
Ethnic group in Ireland
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Riverdance
Touring show featuring Celtic music and Irish dance
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Uilleann pipes
Reed pipes with bellows
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Tin whistle
Metal duct flute
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Bones
Irish percussion instrument
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Keening
Songs of laments sung at funerals
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Sean nos
Old style unaccompanied, nonpulsatile singing
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Binary
Dance music with two parts
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Open, closed
Unresolved or resolved cadences
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Step dances
Common Irish dances where feet move and upper body is still
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Slow airs
Nonpulsatile instrumental pieces
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Zarzuelas
A kind of Spanish opera
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Coplas
Stanzas in folk songs
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Estribillos
Contrasting refrains
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Ronda
Common Spanish folk song sung by Rondallas
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Rondallas
Roving bands of musicians
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Jota
A dance played by rondallas
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Castanets
Wooden idiophones played by dancers
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Zapateado
Rhythmic stamping of feet
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Frederico Garcia Lorca
Spanish poet who organized a traditional song festival
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Cante hondo
Deep song that became the basis for flamenco
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Rasgueado
Extended strumming guitar technique
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Palmas
Rhythmic hand clapping
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Compas
Specific complicated rhythms
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Jaleo
Cries of the audience
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Palos
Flamenco song forms
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El Camaron
Singer that started Nuevo Flamenco
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Nuevo Flamenco
Flamenco with electric bass and other experimental hybrids
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Solea
Oldest form of flamenco song
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Golpe
Knocking on the guitar
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Falsetas
Complex introductory phrases
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Glosolalia
Introducing a flamenco song with vocables
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