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Causes of WW1
- Militarism
- Alliances
- Imperialism
- Nationalism
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Who made up the Dual Alliance?
(2 Countries)
Germany and Austria-Hungary
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Who made up the Triple Alliance?
(3 Countries)
Germany, Austria- Hungary, Italy
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Who made up the Triple Entente?
(3 Countries)
Great Britain, France, Russia
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Movement aimed at the unity of slavic peoples
Pan-Slavism
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What murder sparked the beginning of the war?
Archduke Franz Ferdinand
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When and Where was Archduke Franz Ferdinand murdered?
- June 28, 1914
- Sarajeva, Bosnia
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Who made up the Allied Forces?
- Great Britain
- France
- Russia
- Italy
- United States
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Who made up the Central Forces?
- Germany
- Ottoman Empire
- Austria- Hungary
- Bulgaria
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-Made to help Germany avoid a two-front war
-failed
Schlieffen Plan
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When neither side can gain an advantage
stalemate
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You try to outlast your opponent
Attrition
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what were the 3 main fronts?
- Western
- Eastern
- Middle East
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Where was the western front located?
france and germany
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Where was the eastern front located?
germany and russia
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where was the middle east front located?
ottoman empire
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what were the new weapons of world war 1? (5 weapons)
- 1. Machine guns
- 2. Tank
- 3. airplane
- 4. poison gas
- 5. U-Boat (Submarine)
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Characteristics of a total war
- everyone is involved
- made possible by industry
- rationing
- women's roles change
- cities are targets
- propaganda
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What problems did the Czar of Russia face?
- food shortages
- he was an incompetant leader
- outside groups- (Bolsheviks)
- he was an incompetant military leader
- Rasputin influenced the Czarina
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To step down from power
abdicate
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What happens in the October Revolution?
- Bolsheviks take power
- Lenin leads
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When was the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk signed and what does this cause?
- March 1918
- Causes Russia to drop out of World War 1
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What does the U.S.S.R. stand for?
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
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Reasons for the United States joining the war
- Unrestricted Submarine Warfare
- Make the world safe for democracy
- Zimmerman Note Telegram
- Allies running out of supplies
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most famous submarine sinking
The Lusitania
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What was the Zimmerman Note ?
Message sent from Germany to Mexico that asked Mexico to aid Germany in war against the United States
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When did the U.S. join the war?
April 6th 1917
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What did the Americans bring to the battle front?
- guns
- supplies
- troops
- morale boost
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what does the A.E.F. stand for
American Expeditionary Force
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What was Woodrow Wilson's idea for peace called?
The 14 Points
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What were the aspects of the 14 Points
- fix the main causes of world war1
- only one point was truly accepted (League of Nations)
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When was the armistice signed?
November 11th 1918
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The official end of WW1
June 28th 1919
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What treaty ended WW1
The treaty of Versailles
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Who attended the meeting to design the Treaty of Versailles
- Great Britain
- France
- Italy
- U.S.
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What did Germany have to do because of the Treaty of Versailles?
- accept full blame (war guilt clause)
- pay reparations
- they were disarmed
- forced to give up land
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Example of a social cost of the war
13 million civilians dead
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Example of an economic cost of the war
$350 billion to fund
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Example of political cost of the war
empires dissolve
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This allowed the U.S. to quickly build an army
draft
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enthusiastic support and build up of military strength
militarism
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system of agreements between countries which are used as protection in a time of war
alliances
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race to grab up as much territory as possible
imperialism
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very strong devotion to one's national group or culture
nationalism
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This stated that Germany would not sink passenger ships, it was quickly broken
Sussex pledge
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The President of the U.S. during WW1
Woodrow Wilson
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Commander of the A.E.F. during WW1
Pershing
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The leader of Germany during WW1 "The King"
Kaiser Wilhelm
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Russian Revolutionary Leader who took control of the government in November 1917
Lenin
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Commander of the French army during WW1 called "papa"
Joffre
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French representative at the peace treaty that ended WW1
Clemenceau
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Commander of the German Army during WW1
Ludendorff
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Emperor of Austria during WW1
Josef
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Russian Ruler during WW1 executed by the revolutionaries in 1917
Nicholas II
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British representative at the peace treaty that ended WW1
Lloyd George
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British King during WW1
George V
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German foreign secretary who urged Mexico to attack the U.S.
Zimmermann
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U.S. naval leader during WW1 who devised a system to protect merchant ships crossing the atlantic
Sims
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German military leader who became the most popular man in Germany during WW1
Hindenburg
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Austrian Arch-Duke who was heir to the throne of Austria his assassination was 'the spark' that started WW1
Franz Ferdinand
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The leader of the allied troops in WW1
Foch
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The only important naval battle of WW1
Jutland
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Russia hoped to gain these by joining the war
Warm water ports
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