chapter 15

• CNS or central nervous system and
• PNS or peripheral nervous system

brain and spinal cord

crnial nerves (carry impulses between brain, neck & head) and spinal nerves (carry messages between spinal cord and abdomen, limbs and chest)

regulating and controlling activities of the other body systems

major portion of cns

largest portion of brain which s divided into left and right hemispheres.

skeletal muscles; interprets general senses (temp, pain, touch); contains centers for sight & hearing. Intellect, memory & emotional reactions take place in the cerebrum.

spaces within brain that contain cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). CSF flows through the subarachnoid space around the brain and spinal cord

located under posterior portion of cerebrum. AKA > hindbrain

assists in coordination of skeletal muscles and maintains our balance.

stemlike portion of brain that connects with spinal cord; 10 of 12 cranial nerves orginate here.

means bridge...it connects cerebrum with the cerebellum and brainstem

located between pons and spinal cord.

contains centers that control respiration, heart rate, blood vessell wall muscles that assist in determining blood pressure.

most superior portion of the brainstem

cushions brain and spinal cord from shock, transports nutrients and clears metabolic waste. Should be clear/colorless.

passes through vertebral canal from medulla oblongata to the second lumbar vertebra.

conducts nerve impulses to and from brain and initiates reflex action to sensory info without info from brain.

3 layers of membrane that cover brain and spinal cord

tough outer layer of meninges

delicate middle layer of meninges. It is loosely attached to the pia mater by weblike fibers wheich allow for the subarachnoid space.

thin inner layer of meninges

cordlike structure that carries impulses from one body part to another. 12 pair of cranial nerves and 31 pair of spinal nerves

group of nerve cell bodies located outside of the CNS.

cerebellum

cerebrum, brain

hard, dura mater

brain

ganglion

meninges

spinal cord

nerve

sensation, sensitivity, feeling

mind

one, single

speech

gray matter

four

specialist , physician

treatment, specialty

seizure, attack

slight paralysis

inflammation of cerebellum

abnormal condition of blood clot in cerebrum...type of ischemic stroke

inflammation of dura mater

inflammation of brain

softening of brain

inflammation fo brain, spinal cord and nerve roots

inflammation ofganglion

tumor composed of developing glial tissue....most malignant and common primary brain tumor

tumor composed of the glial tissue...term used to describe all primary neoplasms of the brain and spinal cord.

inflammation of meninges, slow growing and benign

tumor of meninges

protrusion of the meninges and spinal cord through the vertebral column....AKA myelomeningocele

disease affecitng a single nerve, such as carpal tunnel syndrome

pain in nerve

nerve weakness

inflammation of nervee

disease of nerves and joints

tumor made up of nerve cells

inflammation of the gray matter of spinal cord

inflammation of many nerves

disease of many nerves

inflammation of nerve roots

inflammation of nerve root, meninges and spinal cord

pertaining to below the dura mater....collection of blood resulting from broken blood vessel below the dura mater

disease characterized by early senility, confusion, loss of recognition of persons or familiar surroundings, restlessness and impaired memory

disorder in whihc main syptom is recurring seizures

increased amt of cerebrospinal fluid in ventricles of brain which can cause enlargement of the cranium in infants...literally means water in the head

excision of a ganglion, aka called gangliectomy

excision of a nerve

separating a nerve from adhesions

surgical repair of nerve

suture of a nerve

incision into nerve

incision into a nerve root

instrument used to record the electrical impulses of the brain

process that includes the use of a computer to produce series of brain tissue images at any desired depth....noninvasive, painless and useful in diagnosing brain tumors

a noninvasive technique that produces sectional images of soft tissues of the brain or spine through a strong magnetic field. Unlike a CT scan, MRI produces images WITHOUT use of radiaition. Used to visualize tumors, edema, MS and herniated discs.

without feeling or sensation

condition of without speaking ( loss or impairment of ability to speak)

pain in head, headache, aka cephalgia

pertaining to cerebrum

pertaining to cranium and cerebrum

condition of difficulty speaking

hardening of brain

glial cell

slight paralysis of half of body (right or left)

paralysis of right or left side of body, stroke is most common cause

excessive sensitivity to stimuli

occurring between seizures or attacks

pertaining to within the cerebrum

slight paralysis of one limb

softening of spinal cord

resembling a nerve

physician who studies and treats diseases of the nerves

study of nerves

total paralysis (aka pamplegia)

abnormal sensation such as burning, prickling or tingling, often in extremities...may be caused by nerve damage or peripheral neuropathy

occurring after a seizure or attack

occuring before a seizure or attack

paralysis of four limbs

pertaining to below the dura mater

jarring or shaking that results in an injury.....caused by slight or severe head injury; symptoms include vertigo, headache, and loss of consciousness

physician who studies and treats disorders of the mind

specialty of the mind

originating in the mind

any disease of the mind

abnormal condition of the mind (major mental disorder characterized by extreme derangement often with delusions and hallucinations)