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Anatomy
- The study of the structure of an organism and the relationships of its parts
- Derived from two Greek words that mean "a cutting up"
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Physiology
The study of the function of living organisms and their parts
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Disease
Result from abnormalities of body structure or function
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Pathology
The scientific study of disease
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Pathos
The Greek word for"disease"
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Superior
- Refers to a structure closer to the head
- Above
- When referring to structures on the trunk it would be cranial.
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Inferior
- Refers to a structure closer to the feet
- Below
- When referring to structures on the truck it would be caudal.
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Posterior
Further toward the back of the body
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Anterior
Further toward the front of the body
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Medial
Closer to the midline of the body
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Lateral
Further away from the midline of the body
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Distal
A structure that is further away from the trunk or the body's midline only: when referring to arms or legs.
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Proximal
A structure that is closer to the trunk: only when referring to arms or legs.
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Superficial
Closer to the body's surface
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Ventral and Dorsal
Two main body cavities
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Ventral Body Cavity
- Upper part is called the thoracic cavity
- Lower part is called the abdominopelvic cavity
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Thoracic Cavity
Contains the right plural cavity, meadiastinum, and left plural cavity
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Abdominopelvic Cavity
Contains the abdominal and pelvic cavities
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Dorsal Body Cavity
Contains the cranial and spinal cavities
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Right Hypochondriac Region
Upper, right abdominopelvic region
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Epigastric Region
Upper, central abdominopelvic region
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Left Hypochondriac Region
Upper, left abdominopelvic region
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Right Lumbar Region
Middle, right abdominopelvic region
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Umbilical Region
Middle, central abdominopelvic region
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Left Lumbar Region
Middle, left abdominopelvic region
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Right Iliac (Inguinal) Region
Lower, right abdominopelvic region
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Hypogastric Region
Lower, central abdominopelvic region
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Left Iliac (Inguinal) Region
Lower, left abdominopelvic region
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Supraclavicular
Area above clavicle
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Palmar/Volar
Anterior surface of hand
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Antecubital
Front of elbow
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Digital/Phalangeal
Fingers
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Homeostasis
Relative constancy of the internal environment
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