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Allegory
A narration or description usually restricted to a single meaning becaudr its events, actions, characters, settings, and objects represent specific abstractions or ideas
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Allegory
The repititon of the same consonant sounds in a sequence of words, usually at the beginning of a word or stressed syllable
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Allusion
A brief reference to a person, place, thing, event, or idea in h istory or literature
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Ambiguity
Allows for towo or more simultaneous interpretations of a word, phrase, action, or situation, all of which can be supported by the context of a work
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Apostrophe
An address, either to someone who is abssent and therefore cannot hear the speaker or to something non human that cannot comprehend
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Assonance
The repetition of internal vowel sounds in nearby words that do not end the same
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Ballad
Traditionally, a song, transmitted orally from generation to generation, that tells a story and the eventually is written down
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Blank Verse
Unrhymed iambic pentameter
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Caesura
A pause within a line of poetry that contributes to the rhythm of the line
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Carpe Diem
"Sieze the Day"
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Static Character
Does not change throughout the work and the readers knowledge of that character does not grow
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Dynamic Character
Undergoes some kind of change because of the action in the plot
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Flat Character
Embodies one or two qualities, ideas, or traits that can be readily described in a brief summary
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Stock Character
They embody stereotypes
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Round Character
more complex and often display the inconsistencies and internal conflicts found in the most real people
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Comedy
A work intended to interest, involve, and amuse the reader or audience
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Tragedy
A story that presents courageous individuals who confront powerful forces within or outside themselves with a dignity that reveals the breadth and depth of the human spirit in the face of ailure, defeat, and even death
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Soliloquy
Speech delivered while an actor is alone on the stage and it reveals the charcters' state of mind
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Satire
Literary art of ridiculing a folly or vice in order to expose or correct it
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Conflict
The struggle within the plot between opposing forces
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Connotation
Associations and implications that go beyond the literal meaning of a word, which derive from how the word has been commonly used and the associations people make with it
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Consonance
A common type of near rhyme that consists of identical constanant sounds preceded by different vowel sounds
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Couplet
Two consecutive lines of poetry that usually rhyme and have the same meter
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Denotation
The dictionary meaning of a word
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Denouement
A french term meaning "unraveling" or "unknotting" used to describe the resolution of the plot following the climax
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Dialect
A type of informational diction
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Dialogue
The verbal exchanges between characters
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Diction
A Writer's Choice of words, phrases, sentence structures, and figurative language, which combine to help create meaning
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Dramatic Monologue
A type of lyric poes in which a character addresses a distinct but silent audience imagined to be present in th poem in such a way as to reveal a dramatic situation and, often unintenionally, some aspect of his or her temperament or personality
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Elegy
A Mournful, Contemplative lyric poem written to commemorate someone who is dad, often ending in a consolation
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Epic
A long narrative poes, told in a formal, elevated style, that focuses on a serious subject and chronicles heroic deeds and events important to a culture or nation
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Epigram
A Brief, pointed, and witty poem that usually makes a satiric or humorous point
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Epiphany
When a character suddenly experiences a deep realization about himself or herself; a truth that is grasped inan ordinary rather than a melodramatic moment
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Exposition
A narrative device that provides necessary background information about the characters and their circumstances
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Flashback
A narrated scene that marks a break in the narrative in order to inform the reader or audience member about events that took place before the opening scene of a work
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Foil
A character in a work whose behavior and values contrast with those of another character in order to highlight the distinctive temperament of that character
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Foot
The metrical unit by which a line of poerty is measured
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Foreshadowing
The introduction early in a story of verbal and dramatic hints that suggest what is to come later
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Free Verse
Refers to poems, characterized by their nonconformity to established patterns of meter, rhyme, and stanza
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Image
A word, phrase, or figure of speech that addresses the senses, suggesting mental pictures of sights, sounds, smells, tastes, feelings, or actions
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Irony
A Literary device that uses contradictory statements or situations to reveal a reality different from what appears to be true
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Lyric
A type of brief poem that expresses personal emotions and thoughts of a single speaker
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Metaphor
Figure of speech that makes a comparison between two unlike things, without using the word like or as
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Synecdoche
A kind of metaphor in which a part of something is used to signify the whole
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Metonymy
A type of metaphor in which something closely associated with a subject is substituted for it
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Narrator
The voice of the person telling the story
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First-Person Narrator
The I in the story presents the point of view of only one character
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Unreliable Narrator
Reveals an interpretation of events that is somehow different from the author's own interpretation of those events
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Naive Narrators
are usually characterized by youthful innocence
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Omniscient Narrator
An all-knowing narrator who is n ot a characer int he story and who can move from place to place and pass back and forth through time, slipping into and out of characters as no human being possible could in real life
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Editorial Omniscience Narrator
Refers to an intrusionby the narrator in order to evaluate a character for a reader
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Neutral Omniscience
narration that allows the characters actions and thoughts to speak for themselves
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Limited Omniscience Narration
When an author restricts a narrator to the single perspective of either a major or minor character
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Ode
A Relatively lengthy lyric poem that often expresses lofty emotions in a dignified style
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Oonomatopoeia
A Term referring to the use of a word that resembles the sound it denotes
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Open Form
Sometimes called free verse; does not conform to established patterns
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Oxymoron
A condensed form of paradox in which two contradictory words are used together
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Parody
A humorous imitation of another, usually serious, work
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Personification
A form of metaphor in which human characteristics are attributed to nonhuman things
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Plot
An author's selection and arrangement of incidents in a story to shape the action and give the story a particular focus
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Point of View
Refers to who tells us a story and how it is told
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Protagonist
The main character of the narrative; its central character who engages the reader's interest and empathy
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Rhyme
The repetition of identical or similar concluding syllables in different words
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Eye Rhyme
when words may look alike but do not rhyme
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End Rhyme
the most common form of rhyme in poetry; the rhyme come at the end of the lines
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Internal Rhyme
places at least one of the trhymed words within the line
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Masculine Rhyme
describes the rhyming of single-syllable word
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Feminine Rhyme
Consists of a rhymed stressed syllable followed by one or more identical unstressed syllables
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Near Rhyme
The sounds are almost but not exactly alike
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Rhythm
A term used to refer to the recurrence of stressed and unstressed sounds in poetry
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Scansion
The process of measuring the stresses in a line of verse in order to determine the metrical pattern of the line
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Setting
The physical and social context in which the action of a story occurs
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Simile
A common figure of speech that makes an explicit comparison between two things by using words like or as
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Sonnet
A fixed form of lyric poetry that consists of fourteen lines
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Italian Sonnet
is divieded into an octave and a sestet, which may have varying rhyme schemes
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English Sonnet
Organized into three quatrains and a couplet
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Stanza
Refers to a grouping of lines, set off by a space, that usually has a set pattern of meter and rhyme
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Stream of Consciousmess Technique
Most intense use of a central consciousness in narration; takes a reader inside a character's mind to reveal perceptions, thoughts, and feelings on a conscious or unconscious level
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Style
the distinctive and unique manner in which a writer arranges words to acheive particular effects
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Symbol
A person, object, image, word, or event that evokes arrange of additonal meaning beyond and useally more abstract thatn its literal significance
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Syntax
The ordering of words into meaningful verbal patterns such as phrases, clauses and sentences
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Terza rima
An interlocking three-line rhyme scheme
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Theme
the centarl meaning or dominant idea in a literary work
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Tone
the author's implicit attitude toward the reader or the people, places, and events in a work as revealed by the elements of the author's style
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