Muscles

• 1. orgin:galea aponeurotica
• 2. Instertion:skin of eyebrow root of nose
• 3. Action: raises eyebrows wrinkles forehead horizontaly

• orgin: zygomatic bone
• insertion:skin and muscle at corner of mouth
• action: raises lateral corner of mouth. smiling muscle

• origin:temporal fossa
• insertion:coronoid process of the mandible
• action:elevates and retracts the mandible,maintains position of the mandible

• origin: zygomatic arch and maxilla
• insertion: angle and ramus of the mandible
• action:prime mover of the jaw,elevates the mandible

• origin:manubrium of sternum and medical portion of clavicle
• insertion:mastoid process of temporal bone and superior nuchal line of occipatal bone
• action: prime mover of head flexion,simultaneous contraction of both causes neck flexion, laterally flexes head to one side

• origin:body of mandible lateral to its midline
• insertion: skin and muscle of the lower lip
• action:draws lower lip infeiorly(pout)

closes lips,protudes lips, kissing whistling

• origin:styloid process of temporal bone
• insertion:hyoid bone
• action: elevates the and retracts the hyoid bone. thereby elongating the floor of the mouth during swallowing

• origin:manubrium and medial end of clavicle
• insertion: lower margin of hyoid bone
• action:depresses larynx and hyoid bone if mandible is fixed may also flex skull

• origin: posterior surface of manubrium of sternum
• insertion:thyroid cartilage
• action:pulls thyroid cartlilage

prime mover or arm flexion,roates it medially,adducts arm against resistance,fixed with scapula can pull rip cage upward can help(climbing throwing pusing and forced inspiration

prime mover of arm abduction when contracted,antagonast of pectoralis majorwhich adducts arm

• prime mover of arm extension
• powerful arm adductor
• medially rotates arm at shoulder
• depresses scapula important role in bringing arm downin a powerful stroke(hammering swimming)

stabilizes raises retracts and rotates scapula

powerful forearm extensor (prime mover)

• flexes elbow joint and supinates forearm
• weak flexor of arm at shoulder

• major forearm flexor
• lifts ulna as biceps lifts the radius

• adducts thigh
• flexes and medially rotates thigh especially during walking
• flexes the knee

extends knee and flexes thigh at hip

• major extensior of thigh
• laterially rotates and abducts thigh

• extends thigh and flexes knee
• laterially rotates leg
• especilly when knee is flexed

• prime mover of dorsiflexion
• inverts foot
• assists in supporting medial longitudinal arch of foot

• plantar flexes foot when knee is extended
• can flex knee when foot is dorsiflexed