Bio 112

Over the course of their evolutionary histories, the timing of flowering, the spacing of pants, and the nectar rewards of flowering plants have influenced the foraging behavior of bees, which in turn has influenced the morphology of flowers. this process is an example of:

Predation is similar to _________ in that both types of relationship benefit on of the interacting species while harming the other.

An ecological niche:

Earthworms live in many grass and forest ecosystems, and they aerate the soil as they burrow. They also may mix soil layers as they ingest organis matter an travel between layers. These traits, taken collectively, make up the ______ of the earthworm

If you find a brightly colored insect resting on a dead leaf, the insect is likely to be:

An effective, bright, and very distinct color patern that a prey species can display suddenly to scare a predator is called:

A predatore might use__________ to enable it to cathc its prey.

Many plants are mycorrhizal: Their roots are infected with a specialized fungus. The plants supplies carbon to the fungus, and the fungus supplies utients o the plant. The realationship between these plants and the mycorrhizal fungi is an example of a ________ association.

A species that plays a major role in determining the structure of its ecological community is

Succession that begins on bare rock after glaciers have passed, or on newly formed volcanic islands, is

The first community that forms on bare rock often has organisms such as

After a forested are such as a national forest is clear cut, what type of succession occurs

The next time you need to mow the grass, you can excuse yourself, saying that by mowing you are helping to maintain a man made

The majority of the energy on Earth originates from

How much of the energy that reaches earths outer atmosphere from the sun is available for phtosynthesis in pants at earths surface

If a bird eats an insect that ate a plant, the bird is considered a

The photo synthetic bacteria that form the basis of the food chain in Great Salt Lake are classified as

The _______ are an important and often overlooked group of organisms that release nutrients to the soil of water

The amount of energy captured by plants made available to consumers in an ecosystem is called

In open-water marinse exosystems, the _____ occupy the same trophic level as the giant sequoias (redwoods) in the forests of California

Which trophic level has the least bioaccumulation

In an attempt to become more enviromentally consious, a women changes her life. Growns own food, no pesticides or synthetic fertilizers, she walks rather than taking the car for trips. She is doing what?

Which nutrient cycle lacks an atmospheric reservoir

Oceans, the atmospher, and fossil fuels are large reservoirs of which nutrient cycle

A gametophyte is

The first cell after fertilization is a

What are the products of phtosynthesis

To control the movement of gases, land plants developed

With respect to plant reproduction, there has been evolutionary trend toward

Why do mosses and liverworts need to live in a moist enviroment

Differences between gymnosperms and angiosperms

Bryophytes absorb water through

which group of plants was the first to produce seeds

which of the following are gymnosperms

What group dominated the Carboniferous period and is now burned as coal

In angiosperms, the male gametophyte is

Fungal cell walls are differet from plant cell walls because fungal walls contain

The body of a fungus is generally composed of

Fungi usually obtain food by

The dominant generation in the Fungal life cycle is usually

THe mat-like structure composed of hyphal threads that forms the body of fungi is called

The Worldwide die-off of frogs has been traced to infection by

Which group of fungi appears to lack sexual reproduction

Black bread molds produce diploid reproductive structures called

Mycorrihzae surround and infiltrate the _______ of vascular plants

Which of the following is an example of a prasitic fungal disease

Peptidoglycan is found in the cell walls of

The classification of becteria has historically been based on

In which of these enviroments would you normally find prokaryotes

Mobile porkaryotes can move around with the help of

Bacterial endospores are used for

Sex pili are prokaryotic structures that are used

Legumes obtain a useful form of ______ from bacteria that live in root nodules

Through which process do bacteria recycle nutrients in the envrioment

Disease-causing bacteria are called

Which of the following is not alive

Short, circular strands of RNA that can cause plant diseases are called

Viruses that attack prokaryotes are called

Which of the following groups is Eukaryotic
Viruses
Bacteria
Prions
Cyanobacteria
Protist

________ are phtosynthetic protists

A flagellated protist lives inside the guts of termites and enables the termites to digest the cellulose in wood as a food source. This protist belongs to the

Both Trichomonas and Giardia are parasitic protists in the group called

Which group of protists includes phtosynthetic, unicellular, freshwater organisms that possess eyespots

Which protist causes African sleeping sickness

Which group is characterized by grtty, glassy, protective shells

Paralytic shellfish poisoning occurs when ______ are eaten by humans or marine mammals.

A pseudoplasmodium is an

A protist is multicellular, it uses carbon dioxide from the air to carry out photosynthesis, and its chloroplasts closely resemble those of ferns and grasses. This organism is

A man is brought to hospital after hiking trip in northern Minnesota. Suffers nausea, vomiting, and severe stomach cramps. Sample shows a single-celled flagellate organism that lacks mitochondria but has two nuclei.

Slime mold enviroment dries up. What would you expect to happen to the slime molds that live in the area

Who proposed the geological theory of Catastrophism

Which scientist devised the theory of uniformitarianism to account for earths old age

Fossils include rocks and sediments that

A change in the gentic makeup of a population is called

of darwins most important discoveries were based on studies of birds and tortoises he observed in

The human appendix is an example of

Dolphins and sharks have stiff dorsal fins projecting from their backs that help them maneuver through water. These tructures are best described as

Of all the possible amino acids, all living organisms make use of only the same 20 amino acids. This supports the idea that

A population is defined as

Evolution can be defined

A population carries two alleles for a trait in which T is dominant and t is recessive. In Hardy-Weinberg equation, q2 represents

Inbreeding is defined as

The process by which allele frequencies are altered in a population due to chance in called

Imagin a population of monkeys in Sout America whose habitat has been reduced to point where only 20 individuals survive. THis is an example of

Shrews have been documented to travel across frozen lakes and establish populations on previously uninhabited islands. This is an example of

Having greater evolutionary fitness means

The elaborate courtship displays common among animals are the result of

When a species lives in a constant enviroment for a long time, the "average type" of individual may have the best chance of furviving and producint the most offspring. What type of selection is occurring.

Before the modern era of science, organisms were assined to species on the basis of

The biological species concept annot be applied to

One species of fish feeds in the muddly bottom of a lake. A second species eats insects that lond on the water surface. This is an example of what type of isolations

Two different species of pine release their pollen at different times. This is an example of what type of Isolations

In may species of fireflies, males flash light from their abdomens to attract females. Each species ahs a different flashing pattern. This is an example of What type of Isolation

Horses and Donkeys can mate successfully to produce mules, which are always sterile. Which genetic isolating mechanism prevents horses and donkeys from becoming a single species.

Two species of squirrels live on either side of the Grand Canyon. It is believed that a long time ago, before being separated by the canyon, they were the same species. What type of spceiation

The Parasitic Rhagoletis flies that show a preference for either hawthorn or apple trees and are no longer interbreeding populations illustrate what type of speciation

A single species of finch from Southe America was diplaces to a new habitat in the Galapagos Islands and evolved rapidly into several new species as it exploited the new resources. What occured in these Darwins Finces

The most common cause of extinction is

Miller and Ureys experiments to simulate prebiotic evolution produced

The outer boundaries of laboratory-created vesicles are most simlar to

One theory holds that eh first-self replicating molecules were

Correct series of events in the evolution of life on Earth

The organsims originally responsible for putting oxygen in Earths atmosphere lived around

If the early Earths atmosphere contained little or no o2, then where did most of the o2 in our modern atmosphere come from

The proposal that cerain eukaryotic cell structures may have evolved from a prokaryotic symbiosis is called

about 530 mya, what adaptation evolved to make fish the dominant predators of the sea

The earliest group of land plants whose reprodtuction did not require water for swimming sperm were the

Which group of vertebrates was the first to evolve a waterproff egg, which allowed the group to move away from water, deeper onto dry land

The generally slow and steady succession of species on Earth has been interrupted by

An adaptation that is closely associated with hominin evolution is

What species of hominin created the cave paintings at Lascaux, France

The species that paleoanthropologies belive may be the most direct ancestor to Homo Sapiens is

The science of reconstrucint evolutionary history is called

which of the following groups contains the fewest species

Systematics reassigns phylogentic placement based on