-
Which plant is morphine from?
Opium poppy.
(Papaver somniferum and P album.)
-
Which is the major analgesic opiod receptor?
mu
-
Which drug is a full agonist at the (mu)-opioid
receptor?
Morphine.
-
Which drug is a full antagonist at the (mu)-opioid
receptor?
Naloxone.
-
What are the 3 major classes of opiod receptors?
mu, delta, kappa
-
What are some of the effects on the CNS by mu-agonist opioids?
analgesia, euphoria, sedation, respiratory depression, N/V
-
Define tolerance of a drug.
loss of effectiveness
-
Define physical dependence of a drug.
- Characteristic withdrawal or abstinence syndrome when
- a drug is stopped or an antagonist is administered
-
Are opioid analgesics good for treating chronic pain?
No, but very effective for acute.
-
What can opioid agonists do to the GI system? eyes? MSK? heart? kidneys?
- GUT: slow GI transit, N/V
- EYES: miosis (constriction)
- MSK: truncal rigidity (which decreases respiration)
- heart: bradycardia, hypotension in times of stress
- Kidneys: decreased, from lower renal flow
-
What can opioids do to the uterus?
Prolongs labor...
-
What's the best way to administer an opioid med?
- fixed-interval administration (ie, a regular
- dose at a scheduled time)
-
What's the brand name of morphine?
MSContin, Kadian
-
What's the brand name of oxycodone?
Oxycontin.
-
IV morphine is effective for what lung condition?
dyspnea from pulmonary edema associated with left ventricular heart failure
-
Which narcotic is reported to have the most pronounced anti-shivering properties?
- meperidine
- (though all opioid agonists have some propensity to reduce shivering)
-
What has been the most successful opioid in transdermal
application?
Fentanyl
-
What is the brand name for Naloxone?
Narcan.
-
What are some withdrawl symptoms from opioids?
- rhinorrhea, lacrimation, yawning, chills, gooseflesh (piloerection), hyperventilation, hyperthermia, mydriasis,
- muscular aches, vomiting, diarrhea, anxiety, and hostility
-
What drug is used to treat coma from opioid overdose?
Narcan (Naloxone)
-
What are 3 strong agonists (generic name)?
Morphine, hydromorphone, and oxymorphone
-
What are 3 strong agonists (brand name)?
MSContin, Dilaudid, Opana
-
What is the brand name of hydromorphone?
Dilaudid
-
What is the brand name of oxymorphone?
Opana.
-
Which opioid is used to relieve difficult-to-treat pain (neuropathic, cancer pain), especially w/ failure of morphine?
Methadone.
-
Which opioid can have a negative inotropic action on the heart
Meperidine.
-
Codeine,oxycodone, dihydrocodeine, and hydrocodone --> strong agonists, partial agonists or antagonists?
Partial agonists so weaker than morphine & its derivatives.
-
What is the generic name of Ultram?
Tramadol
-
When IV Narcan is given, how fast does it reverse the opioid effects?
1-3 minutes.
-
Norco is combo of which 2 drugs?
hydrocodone and acetaminophen
-
Percocet is a combo of which 2 drugs?
oxycodone and acetaminophen
-
Darvocet is a combo of which 2 drugs?
Propoxyphene and acetaminophen
-
Vicodin is a combo of which 2 drugs?
hydrocodone and acetaminophen
-
Name 3 drugs with hydrocodone and acetaminophen? Rank them in terms of amount of acetaminophen.
Lortab, Norco and Vicodin.
- Norco: 5/325, 7.5/325, 10/325
- Lortab: 5/500, 7.5/500, 10/500
- Vicodin: 5/500, 7.5/750, 10/660
-
How many mg of codeine does Tylenol #2 have?
15 mg
-
How many mg of codeine does Tylenol #3 have?
30 mg
-
How many mg of codeine does Tylenol #4 have?
60 mg
-
Which drugs are used for dull, poorly localized (visceral pain?)
Morphine and its derivatives.
-
Which drugs are used for somatic pain?
Codeine and its derivatives.
-
What's the brand name for Meperidine?
Demerol.
-
What's the connection between narcotics and histamine?
They can cause histamine release.
-
What's the dosing for morphine?
10 mg/ 70 kg weight
-
What's the brand name for Methadone?
Dolophine.
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