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Spring
GW that flows freely from rock. Where topography (cliff or hillside intersect aquifer.
Perched Water Table
Small aquifer sitting on an aquitard.
Hot Spring
6-9 Degrees warmer than average annual air temp.
Geyser
Cavenous Limestone
Water Fills up caverns
Steam erupts & cavern refills
Water Wells
Drinking water or measuring sample
Cones of Depression
Regional lowering of water table due to overpumping.
Artesian Wells
GW flows out without pumping. Inclined rock layers. Confined aquifer.
Confined Aquifers
Take long time to recharge
Subsidence
Pure space of aquifer collaspe.Irreversible.
Saltwater contamination
For every 1 m of WT drop due to cone depression. 40 m of saltwater rises
Groundwater Contamination
Will contaminates sink or float? GW flow direction. Direction can be reverse by cone of depression.
Caverns
Limestone dissolved by acid
Karstm Topography
Limestone Bedrock
Underground Rivers & sinkholes
Karst Towers at end
Running Water
Main erosional agent
Runoff
Water flowing over the ground surface.
Infilitration
How much water can be absorbed? Material: rain, slope of land, vegetation.
Drainage Basin
Area where all runoff drains into a specific river or tributaries.
Tributary
Small river that drains (empties) into a larger one
Divide
Elevated ridge separating drainage basins.
Continental Divide
Separates streams that flows into the pacific from ones that flow into Gulf or Atlantic.
Hydrologic Cycle
The interchange or movement of water between air, land, and sea. Evaporation, Transpiration, Precipatation, Runoff, and Infilitration
Runoff
Sheet flow
Rill
Capacity
max load of solid particles a stream can
transport
Competence
max particle size a stream can transport
Stream Channels
Bedrock Channels
Meandering Channels
Braided Channels
Base Level
Lowest elevation to which a stream can erode its channel.. Ultimate level is sea level.
Stream Valley Development
V-shaped rapids and waterfalls common.
Flood Plains
Flat area covered w/ sediments when streams flood.
Stream Terraces
Stream Cuts through flood sediments. sea level change or tectonic uplift causes.
Incised Meanders
River cuts meanders through rock.
Delta
Where stream mouth enters a lake or ocean
Alluvial fans
sediment deposited at base of mountain
Author
urbantracks
ID
80865
Card Set
Geology
Description
Groundwater
Updated
2011-04-20T17:50:32Z
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