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Bone Mineral Homeostasis
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Parathyroid hormone release is increased when serum calcium levels are increased or decreased?
Decreased
Calcitonin levels are increased when serum calcium levels are increased or decreased?
Increased
Which answer is NOT correct:
Calcitriol is:
A. obtained through diet
B. also known as 25-OH-vitamin D
3
C. increased by PTH action in the kidney
D. synthesized from cholesterol
B. It is also known as 1,25 (OH)
2
-Vitamin D
3
Which is true:
A. 7-dehydrocholesterol is converted to cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) by UV light in the skin
B. Vitamin D3 is converted in the liver to 25-OH-D3 (calcifediol)
C. 25-OH-D3 is converted in the kidney to 1,25(OH)
2
D3 (calcitriol)
D. All of the above
E. None of the above
D.
Calcitriol does NOT act by:
A. Increasing reabsorption of calcium in the proximal tubules in the kidney
B. Increasing release of Ca
10
(PO4)
6
(OH)
2
from bone
C. Increasing filtration of calcium from the proximal tubules in the kidney
D. Increasing calcium absorption in the GI tract
C.
Calcitonin does not act on the following location:
A. GI tract
B. Bone
C. Proximal tubules
A.
Which of the following causes of osteoporosis is NOT correct:
A. decreasing PTH
B. physical factors (bone remodeling)
C. decreasing estrogen
D. decreasing dietary calcium
A. increasing PTH causes bone demineralization
Osteoporosis can occur in the following populations:
A. elderly men
B. postmenopausal women
C. people taking glucocorticoids
D. All of the above
D.
The main target for osteoporosis treatment is on:
A. GI tract
B. Bone
C. Kidney reabsorption
D. Kidney filtration
B.
Osteoporosis can be treated with all of the following EXCEPT:
A. bisphosphonates (alendronate, risedronate, ibandronate)
B. calcitonin (nasal spray)
C. Raloxifene (SERMs)
D. Estrogen
E. PTH as high, frequent doses
E. can be treated with PTH as low, intermittent doses
Hypocalcemia can be caused by the following EXCEPT:
A. psuedohypoparathyroidism
B. malabsorption states
C. can be caused by hyperparathyroidism
D. Vitamin D deficiency
C. can by caused by hypoparathyroidism. causes a decrease in PTH and an increase in phosphate
Treatment of hypocalcemia can theoretically be targeted to the following locations EXCEPT:
A. Bone
B. Filtration (proximal tubules) in the kidney
C. Reabsorption (proximal tubules) in the kidney
D. GI tract
E. None of the above
E. All can theoretically be targets for treatment
Calcium supplements which are given orally include all of the following EXCEPT:
A. CaCl
2
B. Ca phosphate
C. Ca gluconate
D. Ca carbonate
A. This is only given IV because it is very irritating to the GI tract
T or F: Vit D supplement as given along side of calcium supplements to treat hypocalcemia.
T. They help the absorption of Ca
Which of the following statement concerning hypercalcemia is false:
A. Can result in CaPO4 deposits in kidney
B. Can be caused by hypoparathyroidism
C. Malignant neoplasms can be a source of excess Ca
D. Can be caused by increased production or ingestion of Vit. D
B. caused by hyperparathyroidism- tumors or hyperplasia of glands
Which of the following methods are NOT used to treat hypercalcemia:
A. PTH
B. Oral phosphates and prednisone
C. bisphosphonates (pamidronate and etidronate)
D. Saline to increase fluid intake
E. Furosemide (diuretics)
A. Could use calcitonin to decrease bone resorption instead
Author
vwarzech
ID
80848
Card Set
Bone Mineral Homeostasis
Description
Agents that Affect Bone Mineral Homeostasis- Dr. Kasson
Updated
2011-04-21T00:57:29Z
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