Tertiary: gummas, dementia, blindness, paralysis, heart failure--- you see this stage 20-30 years after initial infection
gummus= granulosis lesion either bones, organs, skin
Syphillis has very sensitive growing conditions
What are the symptoms of gonorrhea?
causative agent: Nisseria Gonorrhorea
can have very mild of no symptoms
discharge, dysuria
PID
disseminated gonococcal infection
tx: one dose of cephalosporins
Explain the replication of chalmydia
Has a unique replication cycle that involves two forms of bacterium
These are the elementary body and the reticular body
The replication cycle begins when an EB attaches to receptors on the plasma memebrane of the host cell and enters through endocytosis
While in the endocytotic vesile, the EB converts to an RB.
Instead of fusing with lysosomes, the vesicles fuse with other vesicles carrying the same pathogen.
As the number of chlamydia in each vacuole increases, the endosome membrane expands by fusin gwith the lipids of the golgi aparatus to from a large inclusion body.
AFter 24-72 hours, the process reverses and te RB form reorganizes and condenses to the EB form.
The endosome membrane then either disintregrates or fuses with the host cell membrane releasing the EBs, which go on to infect new tarets.
What are some signs and symptoms of chlamydia?
Females: most are asymptomatic → PID
males: painful urination, pus discharge from penis
lymphogranuloma venereum- severe form of disease characterized by a transient genitial lesion and a bubo in the groin
bubo= huge swelling of a lymphnode
Describe the EB and RB in regards to chlamydia
Elementary bodies- inefective form
Reticulate bodies- reproductive form
What is the most commonly reported std in the US?
Chlamydia
Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of chlamydia
diagnosed by demonstration of chlamydial DNA following PCR amplification
tx’s w/ antimicrobial drugs
prevented by abstience or mutual monogamy
Epidemiology of herpes
genital herpes quadruples the risk of HIV infection
Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of herpes
diagnosis made based on chacteristics lesions
tx requires administration of acyclovir or other antiviral agents to lessen symptoms
prevention can be acheived through abstience or mutual monogamy
condoms often provide little protection
Trichomoniasis is caused by?
caused by trichomonas vaginalis
S/S of trichomoniasis
women- foul smelling, yellow-green baginal discharge and vaginal irritation
males- typically asymptomatic
Pathogenisis and Epidemiology
Transmission primarily via sex
most common currable STD in women
individuals w/ multiple sex partners or infected w/ other veneral diseases are at higher risk for the disease