Insulin and antidiabetics.txt

Decrease blood glucose

Increase insulin release abd increase insulin responsiveness

Potentiate insulin actions by dec hepatic gluconeo and inc uptake and glycolysis

Inc insulin sensitivity by incr insulin receptore and glucose receptors

Decr intestinal ch2o absorption

Incr amylin and insulin release from beta cells

Breaks down incretins and inhibited by sigaliptin

Exenatide

Tolbutamide and chloropropamide

End with glinide....repaglinide and nateglinide

Hypoglucemia and nausea avomitting rash headach

Lactice acidosis gi discomfort

End in - litazones

Hepatotoxicity weight gain

Pramlintide side effects nqusea vomitting diarhea

Ethanol(decr gluconeo) beta adrenergic (dec gluconeo and glycogenolysis)antagonists and salicylates( inc insulin release)

Epinephrine glucocorticoids qbd orql contraceptives( counter insulin) clonidine ca channel blockers and thiazide diuretics( decr insulin through beta cells)

Glucose and glucagon

Lack of insulin or its action

Lack of adh or its action

Anabolic

Catabolic

Iv sc and im 100 u most pt 40 u kids

Lack activr insulin onset less than 40 thin autoimmune

Decresased response to insulin onset old obese

Composition and timing constant

Weight reduction

Incr insulin dependent glucose uptake

Type i- insulin required type ii- weight reduction antidiabetic agents

Short-semilente cloudy, inter- lente- cloudy, long pzi proramine added

Addition of additional components, buffera used to dissolv or suspend insulin, changing aa sequence

Rapid-lispro aspart, short-none interlong- glsrgine drtermir

Hypoglycemia Allergic rxns lipoatrophy lipohypertrophy(at site of injection)

Exercise diet stress other drugs

Am dose and pm dose of combined rapie and inter or single am dow of inter/long plus short acting multiple doses or premixed formulations