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pharm test 4

  1. signs and symptoms of Digitoxicity would include:
    blurred or yellow vision
    nausea
    digoxin level of 3.2 ng/dl (narrow therapeutic index- 0.5-2.0 ng/dl)
    vomiting
    confusion
    • more adverse reactions are
    • anorexia
    • headache
    • cardiotoxicity.

    Drugs that lower K+ can increase the risk of Digitoxicity

    • NOTE:
    • Count apical pulse for one full minute prior to administration. If hear rate <60 (adult or <90-100 (child), hold Digoxin and notify physician
  2. which group of patients should use antacids containing sodium with extreme caution?




    A.
  3. A patient taking nitroglycerin (NTG) for angina pectoris reports the development of a headache after taking more than one tablet. What info should you provide this patient?




    A.
  4. beta blockers may be useful in treatment of:
    heart failure
    hypertension
    angina
    glaucoma
    • adverse effects are:
    • bradycardia, reduced cardiac output
  5. a patient applies a transdermal patch at 0800. What info would be good to know before applying the patch?




    B.

    tolerance develops if patches are used continuously. A daily, "patch-free" period of 10-12 hours is recommended. This can be accomplished by applying a new patch every morning and leaving it on for only 10-12 hours then removing it
  6. a patient receiving a "statin" drug might have to stop therapy if they are experiencing
    signs of hepatotoxicity
    severe muscle pain and weakness
    "statins" are cholesterol lowering medications from the HMG-CoA Reductase inhibitors family

    They decrease LDL, VLDL, < and total cholesterol. They raise HDL
  7. Drugs and their antidote:
    heparin
    digoxin
    coumadin
    • heparin = protamine sulfate
    • digoxin = Digibind
    • Coumadin = vitamin K
  8. A nurse counsels a patient who is starting oral iron for anemia. Which agent should the nurse advise the patient not to take at the same time as the iron supplement?




    C.

    iron, when taken orally, requires an acidic environment in the stomach to be properly absorbed
  9. a patient with excess fluid volume returning to the heart is said to have an increased ___. this may be treated with _____.

    choices are (for first blank)
    preload/afterload

    for second blank:
    HCTZ/Verapamil
    preload and HCTZ
  10. a woman has been treated with A2RB for the past 2 years. She has just discovered that she is 6 weeks pregnant. The RN refers the patient to the Nurse Practitioner in order to:
    get the drug stopped now, altho no fetal damage is likely occurred at this point

    usually in the 2nd and 3rd trimester
  11. insuline and their time course:

    Insulin Lispro (Humalog) 15-30 min; 0.5-2.5 hrs; 3-6.5 hrs
    Insulin Aspart (Novolog) 10-20 min; 1.3 hrs; 3-5 hrs
    Insulin glulisine (Apidra) 10-15 mins; 1-1.5 hrs; 3-5 hrs
    Humulin R 30-60 min; 1-5 hrs; 6-10 hrs
    Levemir none; 6-8 hrs; 12-24 hrs
    Humulin N 60-120 mins; 6-14 hrs; 16-24 hrs
    Lantus Insulin 70 mins; none; 24 hrs
    first number is onset than peak then duration
  12. Heparin is used to treat
    pulmonary embolism patients
    non-hemorrhagic stroke patients
    patients with dvt (Deep Vein Thrombosis)
    • Heparin is the perfereed anticoagulant for use during pregnancy and in situations that require rapid onset of anticoagulation, such as:
    • pulmonary embolism
    • stroke
    • massive dvt
    • disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
    • as an adjunct to thrombolytic therapy during acute MI
Author
Anonymous
ID
80556
Card Set
pharm test 4
Description
pharm test 4
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