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Cerebr/o, Encephal/o
Brain
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Mening/i, Mening/o
Membrane
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Ocul/o, Opt/o, Ophthalm/o
Eye
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Radic/o, Radicul/o
Nerve Root
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Scler/o
Thick or hard; sclera
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Prefix: A-
Without or absence of
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Prefix: Hyper-
Excessive, abnormally high, or above
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Hypo-
Deficient, abnormally low, or below
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Par-, Para-
Alongside or abnormal
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Poly-
Excessive, over, or many
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Ather/o
Fatty substance or plaque
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Mening/i; Mening/o
Membrane
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-al, -ar, -ic, -ion, -uss
Pertaining to
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-cele
Hernia, swelling, or protrusion
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-rrhage
Profuse bleeding or hemorrhage
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-ectomy
Surgical excision or removal
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-graphy
Recording process
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-iatry
Treatment or specialty
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-lysis
Lossen or dissolve
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Dys-
Bad, abnormal, painful, or difficult
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Schiz/o
To divide or split
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-lexia
Pertaining to a word or phrase
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-opia
Condition of vision
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-metrist
One who measures
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-scopy
Process of viewing
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ADHD
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
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ADD
Attention Deficit Disorder
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ALS
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
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CT (CAT) Scan
Computed (Axial) Tomography scan
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CVA
Cerebrovascular accident (stroke)
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EchoEG
Echoencephalography
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LASIK
Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis
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MRI
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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PET
Positron Emission Tomography
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PTSD
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
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Aphasia
The inability to speak
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Convulsion
A series of involuntary muscular spasms cused by an uncoordinated excitation of motor neurons that triggers muscle contraction
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Hyperalgesia
An excessive sensitivity to painful stimuli
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Hypoalgesia
A deficient sensitivity to normally painful stimuli
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Hyperesthesia
An excessive sensitivity to a stimulus
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Neuralgia
A condition of pain in the nerve
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Neurasthenia (Chronic Fatigue, Fibromyalgia, Dysphoria)
Generalized experience of body fatigue, which is often associated with mental depression
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Parethesia
An abnormal sensation of numbness and tingling.
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Polyneuralgia
Condition of pain in many nerves
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Neuralgia
Condition of pain in a nerve
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Syncope
A temporary loss of consciousness due to a sudden reduction of blood flow to the brain.
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Agnosia
- The loss of the ability to interpret sensory information.
- "A condition without knowledge"
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Alzheimer Disease
Among some individuals over the age of 40, the brain undergoes gradual deterioration resulting in confusion, short-term memory loss, and restlessness.
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Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (Lou Gehrig Disease)
A disease characterized by the progressive atrophy (loss) of muscle casued by hardening of nervous tissue on the lateral columns of the spinal cord.
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Autism
- "Disease of Self"
- A developmental disorder that varies in its severity with the patient, characterized by withdrawal from outward reality and impaired development in social conduct and communication.
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Bell Palsy
The patient suffers from paralysis of the face muscles on one side (called unilateral) due to damage to the seventh cranial nerve.
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Cerebellitis
- An inflammation of the cerebellum.
- Symptoms of this disease include a loss of muscle coordination and equilibrium.
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Cerebral Aneurysm
Affects arterties channeling blood to the brain, placing the brain at great risk of the damage that would result from a blow aneurysm.
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Aneurysm
A circulatory problem caused by the weakened wall of a blood vessel.
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Cerbral Atherosclerosis
The vessels gradually close due to the accumulation of fatty plaques, reducing the flow of blood to the brain.
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Cerebral Embolism
A moving blood clot in an artery of the brain
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Cerebral Thrombosis
The condition of a stationary blood clot in an artery of the brain.
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Cerebral Hemorrhage
The condition of bleeding from blood vessels associated with the cerebrum.
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Cerebral Palsy
A condition that appears at birth or shortly afterward as a partial muscle paralysis.
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Cerebrovascular Accident
Occurs when the blood supply to the brain is cut off, resulting in the irreversible death of brain cells followed by losses of mental function or death.
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Coma
A general term describing several levels of abnormally decreased consciousness.
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Concussion
An injury to soft tissue resulting from a blow or violent shaking.
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Cerebral Concussion
The cerebrum undergoes physical damage that often results in hemorrhage (bleeding) and the subsequent loss of brain cells and mental function.
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Encephalitis
Inflammation of the brain.
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Encephalomalacia
The softening of brain tissue
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Epilepsy
- A brain disorder characterized by recurrent seizures, including convulsions and temporary loss of consciousness.
- "To be seized upon"
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Glioma
A neoplasm (tumor) of glial cells.
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Hydrocephalus
- "Head water"
- A congenital disease caused by an abnormally increased volume of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the brain ventricles of a child before the cranial sutures have sealed, resulting in enlargement of the cranium, and in many cases, brain damage.
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Meningioma
A benign tumor of the meninges usually arising from the arachnoid mater and occurring within the superior sagittal sinus on top of the brain.
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Meningitis
An inflammation of the meninges. It is usually caused by a bacterial or viral infection.
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Meningocele
A protrusion of the meninges, usually caused by a defect in the skull or spinal column.
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Meningomyelocele
A term associated with a protrusion of the meninges and spinal cord through a defective opening in the spinal colum.
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Multiple Slcerosis
A disease characterized by the deterioration of the myelin sheath covering axons within the brain.
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Myelitis
Inflammation of the spinal cord
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Narcolepsy
- A sleep disorder characterized by sudden uncontrollable espisodes of sleep, attacks of paralysis, ans hypangogic hallucinations (dreams intruding into the wakeful state).
- "Numb seizure"
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Neuritis
Inflammation of a nerve
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Polyneuritis
Inflammation of many nerves
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Neuroma
A tumor originating from nerve cells
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Neuropathy
A disease affecting any part of the nervous system
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Polyneuropathy
When many nerves are affected
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Paraplegia
Muslces of the legs and lower body are paralyzed
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Monoplegia
One limb is paralyzed
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Hemiplegia
Paralysis on one side of the body
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Quadriplegia
Paralysis form the neck down including all four limbs.
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Parkinson Disease
A chronic degenerative disease of the brain characterized by tremors, rigidity, and shuffling gait.
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Poliomyelitis
- Characterized by inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord, often resulting in paralysis.
- Commonly referred to as polio.
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Rabies
An acute, often fatal, infection of the central nervous system that is caused by a virus transmitted to human by the bite of an infected animal.
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Ventriculitis
The condition of the inflammation of the ventricles of the brain.
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Analgesic
Aspirin, ibuprofen, and acetaminophen
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Anestheisa
The primary type of pain managment that is used during surigcal procedures.
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Anesthesiologist
Physician who manages anesthesia
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Anesthetist
Trained specialist who administers anethesia
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Nerve Block Anesthesia
An injection made into a nerve to block the conduction of impulese between the nerve and the CNS.
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Cerebral Angiography
- A diagnostic procedure that reveals blood flow to the brain by X-ray photography
- Capable of identifying cerebral aneurysm and cerebral thrombosis and tracking the damge that might occur following a cerebral hemorrhage.
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Computed Tomography
A procedure involving the use of a computer to interpret a series of images and construct from them a three-dimensional view of the brain.
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Craniectomy
The surgical removal of part of the cranium
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Craniotomy
An incision is made through the cranium to provide surgical access to the brain.
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Craniotome
The surgical knife used to perform a craniotomy
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Echoencephalography
Ultrasound (sound wave) technology is used to record brain structures in the search for abnormalities.
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Effectual Drug Therapy
A general type of treatment to manage neurological disorders.
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Antianxiety
Medication that reduces patient anxiety levels
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Anticonvulsants
Control convulsions occurring in diseases such as epilepsy.
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Antipyretics
Effective against fever
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Antidepressants
Combant depressoin
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Antipsychotics
Reduce hallucinations and confusion
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Tranquilizers and Sedatives
Used to calm agitated and anxious patients
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Narcotics
Produce stupor or induce sleep
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Electroencephalography
A diagnostic procedure that records electrical impluses of the brain to measure brain activity
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Epidural
The injuction of a spinal block anesthetic into the epidural space external to the spinal cord.
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Evoked Potential Studies
A group of diagnostic tests that measure change in brain waves during particular stimuli to determine brain function.
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Ganglionectomy
Surgical removal of a ganglion
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Lumbar Puncture
The withdrawal (aspiration) of CSF from the subarachnoid space in the lumbar region of the spinal cord.
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Powerful magnets are used to observe soft tissues in the body including the brain. It is used to target brain tumors, brain trauma, MS, and other conditions.
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Myelogram
It is an X-ray photograph of the spinal cord following injection of a contrast dye.
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Myelography
The procedure of a myelogram
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Neurectomy
The surgical removal of a nerve
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Neurology
- The study and medical practice of the nervous system
- It is also the department of a hospital or clinic where medical procedures on the brain, spinal cord, and nerves are performed.
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Neurologic
An adjective associated with the general field of neurology
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Neuroscientist
One who participates in neurological research
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Neurologist
A physician who specializes in neurology
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Neurosurgeon
A surgical physician in neurology
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Neurolysis
The procedure of separating a nerve by removing unwanted adhesions
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Neuroplasty
The surgical repair of a nerve
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Neurorrhaphy
Suture of a nerve
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Neurotomy
Incision into a nerve
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Positron Emission Tomography
- A scan using an injected radioactive chemical to provide a map of blood flow within the body that can be correlated to function.
- Useful diagnostic procedure evaluating brain function
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Psychiatry
The branch of medicin that addreses disorders of the brain resulting in mental and emotional disturbances.
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Psychiatrist
A physician practicing in the field of pscyhiatry
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Psychopharmacology
A drug therapy targeting the brain
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Pscyhoanalysis
Psychiatric therapy, to improve a patient's quality of life.
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Psychology
- The study of human behavior
- "study of the mind"
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Clinical Psychology
Uses applied psychology to treat patients suffering from behavioral disordes and emotional trauma.
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Psychotherapy
The technique used in treating behavioral and emotional issues
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Radicotomy; Rhizotomy
A surgical incision into a nerve root.
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Reflex Testing
- A series of diagnostic tests performed to observe the body's response to touch stimuli.
- Useful in assessing stroke, head trauma, brith defects, and other neurological challenges.
- The tests include deep tendon reflexes (DTR) involving percussion at the patellar tendon and elsewhere and Babinski reflex involving stimulation of the plantar surface of the foot.
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Vagotomy
A procedure where several branches of the vagus nerve are severed to reduce acid secretion into the stomach in an effort to prevent the reoccurrence of peptic ulcer.
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Anxiety Disorder
Occurs when this mental state dominates behavior. Usually an acute response that includes restlessness, psychological tension, tachycardia, and shortness of breath.
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Attention Deficit Disorder
- A neurological disorder characterized by short attention span and poor concentration.
- Usually associated with school-age children but can also affect adults and makes learning very difficult.
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Bipolar Disease
- "pertaining to two poles"
- Affects the cognitive functions of the cerebrum, causing alternating periods of high energy and mental confusion (mania) with low energy and mental depression.
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Dementia
- An impairment of mental function characterized by memory loss, disorientation, and confusion.
- Often associated with Alzheimer disease.
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Dyslexia
- "Condition of difficult reading"
- Some individuals have a reading handicap that has neurological cause, in which some letters and numbers are reversed in order by the brain.
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Mania
An emotional disorder of abnormally high psychomotor activity, which includes excitement, a rapid movement of ideas, unstable attention, sleeplessness, and confusion between reality and imagination.
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Megalomania
An individual believes oneself to be a person of great fame or wealth.
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Pyromania
Which is an obsessive fascination with fire
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Neurosis
An emotional disorder involving a counterproductive way of dealing with mental stress.
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Paranoia
- A person experiencing persistent delusions of persecution resulting in mistrust and combativeness.
- "Derangement, madness"
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Phobia
- An irrational, obsessive fear.
- Often used as a suffix when describing a particular fear.
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Arachnophobia
Fear of spiders
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Agoraphobia
Abnormal fear of public places
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Acrophobia
Abnormal fear of heights
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Phobophobia
The fear of developing a phobia.
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Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Many individuals who have experienced a severe mental strain or emotional trauma, such a military combat or a physical assault, suffer from an acute condition that includes sleeplessness, anxiety, and paranoia.
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Psychopathy
- A general term for a mental or emotional disorder.
- Disease of the mind.
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Psychosis
- A individual suffering from a gross distortion or disorganization of their mental capacity, emotional response, and capacity to recognize reality and relate to others may be diagnosed with this disease.
- "condition of the mind"
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Psychosomatic
- "Pertaining to mind and body"
- It refers to the influence of the mind over bodily functions, especially disease.
- Among some people, their mind creates symptoms that suggest an illness when physical signs are absent.
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Schizophrenia
- Most common form of psychosis
- "Condition of split mind"
- Characterized by delusions, hallucinations, and extensive withdrawal from other people and the outside world.
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Blepharoptosis
Drooping eyelid
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Blepharitis
A common symptom of an inflammation of the eyelid.
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Blepharoplasty
A procedure to repair the eyelid when inflammation damages the eyelid
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Cataract
- Transparency of the lens is reduced
- Usually a normal part of the aging process
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Conjunctivitis
- When bacteria infect the conjunctiva membrane, causing inflammation.
- Commonly known as "pink eye"
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Dacryolithiasis
The presence of rocky particles in the apparatus.
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Dacryocystitis
Inflammation of the lacrimal apparatus
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Dacryosinusitis
Inflammation in the adjacent sinuses
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Detached Retina
- Common cause of blindness
- Occurs when the retina tears away from the choroid layer of the eye.
- Can caused by a severe blow to the head, high blood pressure, or old age.
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Diplopia
- Condition of double vision
- May result from weakened extrinsic eye muscles, defects in the lens, or a condition of the brain.
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Glaucoma
- Disease of the eye.
- A loss of vision occurs when the fluid pressure within the anterior chamber of the eyeball (called intraocular pressure) rises above normal.
- Rise of fluid pressure in this disease is caused by a blockage in a small opening that normally drains the fluid.
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Hordeolum
An infection of the meibomian gland produces a local swelling of the eyelid.
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Chalazion
A chronic form of hordeolum
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Iritis
Bacterial infection of the iris
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Keratitis
When the cornea becomes inflamed
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Macular Degeneration
- Progressive deterioration of the macula lutea leads to a loss of visual focus
- Most common cause is age
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Opthalmomalacia
Softening of the eye
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Opthalmoplegia
- Paralysis of the eye
- In this eye disease, the extrinsic eye muscles are unable to move the eyeball.
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Ophthalmorrhagia
Loss of blodd by hemorrhage of the eye
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Ophthalmopathy
eye conditions
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Retinopathy
A general term for a disease of the retina
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Vision Disorders
Conditions of the eye that result in a reduction of vision
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Presbyopia
Reduction in vision due to age
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Emmetropia (Em)
The normal condition of the eye
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Astigmatism (Ast)
The curvature of the eye is defective to produce blurred vision
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Cataract Extraction
A lens damaged by a cataract is surgically removed and replace with a donor lens
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Corneal Grafting
A procedure where the injured cornea is removed and replaced by implantation of a donor cornea.
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Dacryocystorhinostomy
A procedure wher a channel is surgically created between the nasal cavity and lacrimal sac to promote drainage.
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LASIK
- Laser-Assisted in situ keratomileusis
- It is the use of a laser to reshape the corneal tissue beneath the surface of the cornea to correct vision disorders, such as myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism.
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Optometrist
A health professional (not a physician) trained to examine eyes to correct vision problems and eye disorders.
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Ophthalmologist
A physician who specializes in the study and treatment of diseases associated with the eyes.
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Mastoiditis
Inflammation of the mastoid (an area of the temporal bone of the skull housing the middle and internal ear)
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Meniere Disease
A chronic disease of the inner ear, includes symptoms of dizziness and tinnitus
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Tinnitus
Ringing in the ears
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Otitis
General term for inflammation of the ear
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Otitis Externa
One form of otitis in which the external auditory canal is involved causing sensations of pain.
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Otitis Media (OM)
- One form of otitis where the middle ear is involved to cause pain and a temporary loss of hearing.
- Relatively common among children, is caused by bacterial infection, and often requires antibiotic therapy.
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Otopathies
Diseases of the ear
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Otorrhea
Pus containing discharge appears in the external auditory canal
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Otalgia
Condition of pain in the ear
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Otosclerosis
An abnormal formation of bone within the ear, usually between the stapes and the oval window of the middle ear
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Otoscopy
A visual examination of the ear using a handheld instrument
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Vertigo
- The sensation of whirling motion
- If it is chronic, it may be an indication of an inner ear infection or dysfunction within the brain.
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Hormon/o
To set in motion
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Pancreat/o
Sweetbread, pancreas
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Thyr/o; Thyroid/o
Shield, thyroid
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Hyper-
Excessive, abnormally high, or above
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Hypo-
Deficient, abnormally low, or below
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Para-
Alongside or abnormal
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-ectomy
Surgical excision or removal
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FSH
Follicle-Stimulating hormone
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GTT
Glucose tolerance test
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HRT
Hormone replacement therapy
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PPBS
Postprandial blood sugar
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RAIU
Radioactive iodine uptake
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Hypersecretion
Abnormally high hormone production
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Hyposecretion
Abnormally low hormone production
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Endocrinology
- The study of secreting within
- The field of medicine focusing on the study and treatment of endocrine disorders
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Endocrinologist
A physician who practices the "study of secreting within", or endocrinology
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Endocrinopathy
A general term for a disease of the endocrine system.
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Acidosis
- The condition of acid in the body.
- Occurs when carbon dioxide accumulates in tissues to form carbonic acid.
- A symptom of diabetes mellitus and may also be caused by respiratory or kidney disorders.
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Acromegaly
- A sign that includes enlargement of bone structure
- "Abnormally large extremity"
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Exophthalmos
- The abnormal protrusion of the eyes
- Classic symptom of excessive activity of the thyroid gland and literally means "outside eyes."
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Goiter
- An abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland caused by a tumor; lack of iodine in the diet, or an infection
- A common symptom of thyroid gland disease is a swelling on the anterior side of the neck in the location of the thyroid gland.
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Hirsutism
- A symptom of excessive body hair in a masculine pattern.
- "Hairy"
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Adrenal Virilism
Excessive production of androgens in women may also lead to muscle and bone growth. This is te resulting pattern of masculinization
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Ketosis (Ketoacidosis)
An excessive amount of ketone bodies in the blood and urine and is a symptom of diabetes mellitus and starvation.
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Polydipsia
- Condition of many thirsts
- An abnormal state of excessive thirst occurs during certain disorders of the pituitary gland or the pancreas.
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Polyuria
- The production of abnormally large volumes of urine.
- Symptom of diabetes mellitus
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Adenitis
The general term for an inflammation of a gland
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Adenosis
Any disease of a gland
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Adenocarcinoma
- A malignant tumor that arises from epithelial tissue to form a glandular or glandlike pattern of cells.
- Life-threatening form of cancer
- Often develops from a benign tumor of glandular cells
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Adenoma
- A benign tumor of glandular cells.
- May cause excess secretion by the affected gland
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Adrenalitis
- Inflammtion of the adrenal gland
- It may result from tumor development or infection and is often revealed in women by the symptoms of adrenal virilism
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Adrenomegaly
Disease in which one or both of the adrenal glands becomes enlarged
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Cretinism
- A child suffering from the thyroid gland's inability to produce normal levels of growth hormone at birth may develop this condition.
- A reduced mental development and physical growth occur in this condition
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Cushing Syndrome
- A syndrome that is caused by excessive secretion of the hormone cortisole by the adrenal cortex, which affects many organs.
- It is characterized by obesity, moon (round) face, hyperglycemia, and muscle weakness.
- Common cause is a tumor of the pituitary gland
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Syndrome
A disease with an array of symptoms and involving multiple organs
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Diabetes Insipidus
- Caused by a hyposecretion of ADH by the pituitary gland.
- Characterized by the symptoms of polydipsia and polyuria.
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Diabetes Mellitus
- Chronic Disorder of carbohydrate metablosim
- Result of resistance of body cells to insulin, or a deficiency or complete lack of insulin production by cells of the pancreas.
- Two types: Type 1 and Type 2
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Type 1 DM
- Less common
- Usually requires hormone replacement therapy with insulin and appears during childhood or adolescence.
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Type 2 DM
- Usually appears during adulthood and is often associated with obesity
- Can usually be managed with dietary restrictions and regular exercise, and it can be controlled with oral antidiabetic drugs.
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Common Symptoms of DM
- Polydipsia
- Polyuria
- Glycosuria
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Diabetic Nephropathy
DM causes large fluctuations in blood sugar levels, if untreated it can lead to circulatory deficiencies that result in kidney damage
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Diabetic Neuropathy
Peripheral nerve damage
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Diabetic Retinopathy
A form of potentially sight-threatening damge to the eye
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Endocrinopathy
- The general term for a disease of the endocrine system.
- Often the result of either an excessive production of one or more hormones by an endocrine gland or deficient production of one or more hormones
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Hyperadrenalism
- Excessive activity of one or more adrenal glands
- Can lead to Cushing syndrome
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Hypoadrenalism
- Abnormally reduced activity of the adrenal gland
- May lead to Addison Disease if left untreated
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Hypercalcemia
- When calcium levels in the blood become abnormally high
- The disease ia result of the abnormal release of calcium from bones, which leads to softening of the bones if left untreated.
- It is caused by excessive activity of the parthyroid glands.
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Hypocalcemia (Calcipenia)
- The condition of abnormally low levels of calcium in the blood
- It is caused by the abnormally low activity of the parathyroid glands to produce insufficient parathyroid hormone (PTH)
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Hyperglycemia
- "Condition of blood excessive sugar"
- The chronic from of the disease often indicates the body may not be producing enough insulin or insulin receptor sites are resistant and may lead to Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Hypoglycemia
- Blood sugar levels fall to abnormally low levels.
- It is caused by excessive insulin administration or excessive production by the pancreas and is often accompanied by headache, malaise (weakness), tremors, hunger, and anxiety.
- If left untreated, it can lead to coma and death
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Hyperparathyroidism
- The excessive production of PTH by the parathyroid glands
- Usually caused by a tumor, it results in excessive calcium levels in the blood (hypercalcemia)
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Hypoparathyroidism
PTH levels are reduced and the condition of hypocalcemia occurs
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Hyperthyroidism
- Excessive activity of the thyroid gland produces abnormally high levels of thyroid hormone.
- Symptoms include exophthalmos, goiter, rapid heart rate, and weight loss.
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Graves Disease
- One form of chronic hyperthyroidism
- Believed to be an autoimmune disease
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Thyrotoxicosis
- One form of chronic hyperthyroidism
- An acute event that is triggered by infection or trauma and can become life threatening
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Hypothyroidism
- A disease in which thyroid gland activity becomes deficient, thyroid hormone blood levels drop below normal
- Symptoms include slow heart rate, dry skin, low energy, and weight gain.
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Myxedema
- Chronic form of hypothyroidism
- The subcutaneous layer beneath the skin becomes thick and hard and the body retains water, aging the skin prematurely while puffing the face and thickening the tongue and hands
- Literally means "swollen mucus"
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Hypogonadism
- Disease in which abnormally low amounts of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) are produced by the pituitary gland, which reduces the production of the sex hormones testosterone (produced by male testes) and estrogen/progesterone (produced by female ovaries)
- Results in reduced sexual interest and reproductive capacity
- If it occurs prior to puberty, the gonads (male testes and female ovaries) fail to develop
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Pancreatitis
- Inflammation of the pancreas
- It often results in a deficient production of insulin, which leads to hyperglycemia
- An acute reaction to infection or trauma and can become life threatening.
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Pituitary Gigantism
- An abnormally high production of pituitary growth hormone before adolescence results in this disease.
- If it occurs after adolescence it results in acromegaly.
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Pituitary Dwarfism
The pituitary growth hormone is deficient at birth, resulting in short stature.
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Thyroiditis
Inflammation of the thyroid gland.
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Acute Thyroiditis
Usually caused by a local infection
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Adrenalectomy
A procedure involving the surgical excision, or removal, of one or both of the adrenal glands.
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Fasting Blood Sugar
Blood sugar are measured after a 12-hour fast
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Postprandial Blood Sugar
Blood sugar levels are measured about 2 hours after a meal
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Glucose Tolerance Test
- A test that may be used to confirm a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus examines a patient's toleracne of glucose.
- The patietn is given glucose either orally or intravenously, then at timed intervals blood samples are taken and glucose levels measured and recorded
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Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)
- A common therapy to counteract hyposecretion
- May also be sued following surgical removal of an endocrine gland to restore homeostasis.
- It is an optional therapy for the treatment of symptoms associated with menopausal changes, although evidence suggests a slight risk of cardiac problems and cancer with its use.
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Parathyroidectomy
- Procedure
- The surgical removal, or excision, of a parathyroid gland may be a treatment for parathryoid cancer or for hyperparathroidism.
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Parathyroidoma
Parathyroid cancer
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Radioactive Iodine
Used in the diagnostic procedure known as radioactive iodine uptake.
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Radioactive Iodine Uptake (RAIU)
- Radioactive iodine is used to track and measure its entry into thyroid gland cells with a scanning instrument.
- A reduction of iodine uptake is an indication of deficient thyroid function
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Radioiodine Therapy
- The radioactive iodine targets cells within the thyroid gland and destroys them.
- An effective treatment against a thyroid tumor (thyroidoma)
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Thyroid Scan
- A procedure measuring thyroid function, during which an image of the thyroid gland is obtained.
- Usually employed to detect a thyroid tumor
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Thyroidectomy
The surgical removal of the thyroid gland
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Thyroidotomy
A procedure in which the thyroid gland is surgically entered
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Thyroparathyroidectomy
The parathyroid glands must be surgically removed with the thyroid gland
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Thyroxine Test
- A diagnostic test measuring thyroxine levels in the blood.
- Often used as a diagnostic test for hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism
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