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purpose of MMT
- determine intactness of spinal segments
- determine motor or functional level; goal planning
- determine complete vs incomplete injury from MMT results
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myotome
- the muscle mass innervated by the motor axon of a single spinal nerve root
- most muscles are innervated by more than one spinal segment
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spinal injury
- loss or impairment of motor and/or sensory function below the neurological level
- motor loss in myotomes and sensory loss in dermatome pattern
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peripheral nerve injury
- loss or impairment of motor and/or sensory function at or distal to site of injury along the distribution of peripheral nerve
- specife UE/LE muscle groups
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spinal injury grading
- complete or incomplete
- incomplete: motor or sensory
- incomplete motor: functional or nonfunctional
- tetraplegia (quadriplegia C8 or above) paraplegia (T1 and below)
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motor index
10 key muscles
- NO key muscles for the head, neck, and trunk
- 5 upper extremity muscles
- C5- biceps brachii
- C6- ECRL and ECRB
- C7- triceps
- C8- flexor digitorum profundus
- T1- abductor digiti minimi
- 5 lower extremity muscles
- L2- illiopsoas
- L3- quadriceps femoris
- L4- anterior tibilalis
- L5- extensor hallicus longus
- S1- gastrocs; soleus
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dermatome
- region of skin supplied by the sensory axon of a single spinal nerve root
- used to determine motor function in segments not represented by a key muscle
- motor function is assumed intact from normal sensation (light touch and sharp dull both have to be norm to imply norm motor R&L)
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motor level
- determines functional prognosis, basis for treatment planning
- most caudal segment with at a least a FAIR (3) muscle grade
- critical functional difference based on intactness of only one more caudal segment
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very imporant to due in MMT
- position- assign correct grade antigravity vs gravity eliminated
- stabilize- muscle will appear weaker if not stabilized properly
- palpate-
- check full ROM- will affect determination of motor level
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