-
What are the four characteristics of all plants?
multicellular, autotrophic, cell walls with cellulose, eukaryotic
-
What did plants evolve from?
Green algae (plant-like protist)
-
Where does photosynthesis occur in plants?
In chloroplasts in leaves
-
What is the equation for photosynthesis?
CO2 (carbon dioxide) + H2O (water) + light ----> C6H12O6 (glucose) + O2 (oxygen)
-
What is the equation for cellular respiration?
C6H12O6 (glucose) + O2 (oxygen) -----> CO2 (carbon dioxide) + H2O (water) + ATP
-
Do plants undergo cellular respiration, photosynthesis, or both?
Both
-
Useable energy for all organisms
ATP
-
What is the order that plants evolved? (simplest to complex?)
Mosses, ferns, gymnosperms, angiosperms
-
What is the only nonvascular plant?
Mosses
-
What is a characteristic of nonvascular plant?
They cannot grow tall because they don't have tissues to transport water and nutrients.
-
What are the 3 groups of vascular plants?
Ferns, Gymnosperms, and angiosperms
-
Tissue in plants that helps transport water and nutrients throughout the plant
Vascular tissue
-
Vascular tissue that transports water
Xylem
-
Vascular tissue that transports food or nutrients
phloem
-
Structure that anchors plants and absorbs water and minerals
roots
-
Structure that supports the plant
Stems
-
What are the 2 groups of seedless plants?
Mosses and ferns
-
What are the 2 groups of seed plants?
Gymnosperms and angiosperms
-
What do seedless plants need in order to reproduce?
water
-
What is the advantage of seeds?
Provides protection for developing embryo
-
Cone-bearing plants
gymnosperms
-
How is pollination achieved in gymnosperms?
Wind
-
Flowering plants
angiosperms
-
What are the leaves of gymnosperms called?
needles
-
Where are the seeds located in gymnosperms?
Cones
-
What are the seeds located in for the angiosperms?
Fruits
-
What is the male reproductive part of a flower called?
Stamen
-
What two parts make up the stamen and what letters represent them in the diagram?
Anther and filament
-
What is the function of the anther?
Produces pollen
-
What is the female reproductve structure?
Pistil
-
What female part of the flower does the pollen first land?
Stigma
-
What structure becomes a fruit after the eggs are fertilized?
Ovary
-
What structure becomes seeds after they are fertilized?
Ovules (eggs)
-
What structre attracts pollinators?
Petals
-
You find a plant that has parallel veins in the leaves, fibrous roots, vascular bundles scattered, and 6 petals, Is this a monocot or dicot?
Monocot
-
You find a plant that has branching veins in the leaves, a taproot, vascular bundles in a ring and 10 petals. Is this a monocot or dicot?
Dicot
-
Seed leaf of a plant
Cotyledon
-
Whend oes pollination occur in plants?
When pollen fertilizes the ovules
-
When a plant slef-pollinates, is this sexual or asexual reproduction?
Sexual reproduction because theire is mixing of pollen and egg.
-
Pollen from a plant fertilizes the eggs of the same plant.
Self pollination
-
Pollen from a plant fertilizes the eggs of a different plant.
Cross pollination
-
What are 3 ways seeds are dispersed?
water, wind, animals
-
What are seeds dispersed by animals often contained in?
Fruits
-
What are 2 environmental factors that will cause a seed to come out of dormancy?
Temperature and moisture (rain)
-
Waxy covering on the top and underside of a leaf
cuticle
-
Where does the most photosynthesis occur in a leaf?
palisades mesohyll
-
Layer inside a leaf that has spaces for gasses to flow?
spongy mesophyll
-
WHat structure controls the opening and closing of the stoma?
guard cells
-
What structure is the opening for gas exchange?
stoma
-
What gas enters the leaf through the stoma?
carbon dioxide
-
What gas exits the leaf through the stoma?
Oxygen
-
If there is too much rain, do the guard cells open or close the stoma?
Open to allow water to exit through the stoma
-
Plants response to an external stimulus
tropism
-
When a plant moves toward the stimulus
positive tropism
-
When a plant moves away from a stimulus
negative tropism
-
Growth of plant towards light
Phototropism
-
Direction of plant growth in response to gravity
Gravitropism
-
What type of tropism is it when plants roots grown into the soil?
Positive gravitropism
-
Responsible for timing of seasonal activities by responding to the length of light in a day
Photoperiodism
-
What gas speeds up the ripening of fruit?
ethylene
-
Monocots and dicots beling to which group of plants?
Angiosperms
|
|
