Medical Terminology Ch 14 .txt

outermost layer of bone, made up of fibrous tissue

dense, hard layers of bone tissue that lie underneath the periosteum

contains little spaces like a sponge and is encased in the layers of compact bone

membranous linking of the hollow cavity of the bone

shaft of the long bones

end of each long bone

material found in the cavities of bones

thick, blood-like material found in flat bones and the ends of long bones; location of blood cell formation

soft, fatty material found in the medullary cavity of long bones

upper jawbone

lower jawbone

made up of bones called vertebrae (pl) or vertebra (sing) through which the spinal cord runs. The vertebral column protects the spinal cord, supports the head, and provides points of attachment for ribs and muscles

C1-C7 first set of seven bones, forming at the neck

T1-T12 second set of 12 vertebrae. They articulate with the 12 pairs of ribs to form the outward curve of the spine

L1-L5 third set of five larger vertebrae, which forms the inward curve of the spine

next five vertebrae, which fuse together to form a triangular bone positioned between the two hip bones

four vertebrae fused together to form the tailbone

part of the vertebral arch

collarbone

shoulder blade

extension of the scapula, which forms the high point of the shoulder

breastbone

lower portion of the sternum

upper arm bone

lower arm bone

lower arm bone

projection at the upper end of the ulna that forms the bony point of the elbow

wrist bones

hand bones

finger and toe bones

made up of three bones fused together - ischium, ilium, pubis

lower, rear portion on which one sits

upper, wing-shaped part on each side

anterior portion of the pelvic bone

large socket in the pelvic bone for the head of the femur

upper leg bone

lower leg bone

lower leg bone

kneecap

ankle bones

heel bone

foot bones

smooth layer of gristle covering the contracting surface of joints

crescent-shaped cartilage found in the knee

cartilaginous pad found between the vertebrae in the spine

cartilaginous joint at which two pubic bones fuse together

fluid secreted by the synovial membrane and found in joint cavities

fluid-filled sac that allows for easy movement of one part of a joint over another

flexible, tough band of fibrous connective tissue that attaches one bone to another at a joint

band of fibrous connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone

strong sheet of tissue that acts as a tendon to attach muscles to bone

attached to bones by tendons and make body movement possible. Skeletal muscles are voluntary - they produce action by pulling and pushing in pairs and we have control over them.

located in internal organs such as the walls of blood vessels and the digestive tract. Involuntary muscles - respond to impulses from autonomic nerves

forms most of the wall of the heart. Involuntary contraction produces the heartbeat

movement of drawing away from the middle

movement of drawing toward the middle

turning inward

turning outward

movement in which a limb is placed in a straight position

movement in which a limb is bent

movement that turns the palm down

movement that turns the palm up

turning around its own axis

carpals (wrist bones)

clavicle (collarbones)

clavicle (collarbones)

rib

cranium (skull)

femur (upper leg bone)

fibula (lower leg bone)

fibula (lower leg bone)

humerus (upper arm bone)

ilium

ischium

loin, lumbar region of the spine

mandible (lower jawbone)

maxilla (upper jawbone)

patella (kneecap)

pelvis, pelvic bone

phalanges (finger or toe bone)

pubis

spine, vertebral column

radius (lower arm bone)

sacrum

scapula (shoulder blade)

vertebra

vertebra

sternum (breastbone)

tarsals (ankle bones)

tibia (lower leg bone)

ulna (lower arm bone)

joint

cartilage

crooked, stiff, bent

movement, motion

hump

bone marrow

bone

crooked, curved

between

above

together, joined

together, joined

weakness

break

break

break

surgical fixation, fusion

growth

split, fissure

abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the great toe. Common problem, often hereditary or caused by poorly fitting shoes

another work for bunion

common nerve entrapment disorder of the wrist caused by compression of the median nerve. Symptoms include pain and paresthesia in portions of the hand and fingers

disease in which an excessive amount of uric acid in the blood causes sodium urate crystals to be deposited in the joints, especially that of the great toe, producing arthritis

group of hereditary diseases characterized by degeneration of muscle and weakness

abnormal loss of bone density occurring predominantly in postmenopausal women, which can lead to an increase in fractures of the ribs, thoracic and lumbar vertebrae, hips, and wrist.

system of therapy that consists of manipulation of the vertebral column

an artifical substitute for a missing body part such as a leg, eye, or total hip replacement