Pharmacology Exam 6

• replacement therapy for hormone deficiency
• antagonists for diseases that result from excess production of P.H.
• diagnostic tools for endocrine abnormalities

• GH & PRL
• TSH, FSH & LH
• ACTH

• single chain proteins
• both activate JAK/STAT super family

• dimeric proteins
• activate GPCRs
• share common alpha chains

single peptide cleaved from a larger chain

GNRH stimulates and Somatostatin inhibits GH and somatotropin from AP which bind ILGF 1 on liver, muscle, bone & kidney

stimulates release of thyroid stimulating hormone from the AP which causes release of thyroxine and triiodothyronine from the thyroid

stimulates release of adrenocorticotropin from the AP which acts on the adrenal cortext to secrete glucocorticoids, androgens and mineral corticoids

stimulates release of FSH and LH from the AP which binds on the gonads to stimulate release of estrogen, progesterone and testosterone

• inhibits release of prolactin from the AP
• target organ is breast

used rarely as a diagnostic test for GH responsiveness

used rarely to diagnose hypo/hyperthyroidism

Used rarely to distinguish Cushing's Disease from ectopic ACTH secretion

used rarely in pulses to treat infertility cuased by hypothalamic dysfunction

DA agonists used for hyperprolactinemia

thyroid carcinoma

adrenal insufficiency

• growth
• improve metabolic state
• increase lean body mass
• increase sense of well being
• increase weight and physical endurance
• improved GI function

• GI lipase inhibitor
• reduces absorption of fats
• flatulence, steatorrhea, fecal incontinence

• inhibits SERT/NET in the CNS
• reduces appetite
• tachycardia and HTN

• CB1 receptor antagonist in the CNS
• reduces appetite
• depression, anxiety, nausea

• IGF1 - Agonist
• restores normal and metabolic IGF-1 effects in individuals with IGF-1 deficiency

• somatostatin analogs that inhibit release of GH, glucagon, insulin, gastrin
• somatostatin T1/2 = 1-3 min

• somatostatin analog
• greater selectivity for inhibition of GLU, GH and Insulin

• VIPomas
• watery diarrhea
• AIDS associated diarrhea
• acromegaly

interferes with cyclosporins by decreasing bioavailability

• Abd pain
• n/v
• diarrhea
• chills
• headache
• injection site reaction

GH receptor antagonist used for acromegaly

• recombinant GH
• less immunogenic

• growth failure
• turner's syndrome

• use cautiously in pt with diabetes
• pt with untreated hypothyroidism will have an inadequate response

• intracranial hypertension
• visual changes/headache
• n/v
• increase serum P+, Alkaline phosphatase and parathyroid hormone
• increase CYP metabolism
• arthralgia
• gynecomastia

synthetic parenteral GHRH to treat GH deficiency

• decreases insulin
• decreases clotting factors (do not give with ASA)
• indomethacin affects the secretion of somatotrope

• transient warmth
• face flushing
• injections site reaction
• n/v
• headache

• GnRH synthetic analog
• for treatment of prostate cancer, early puberty and anemia due to fibroid tumors
• used for ovairan/breast cancer

• stimulates contraction of uterus smooth muscle
• can cause premature delivery, herpes, eclampsia, cervical cancer, chest pain, difficulty breathing and confusion

reduces amount of urine excreted from the body

• prevention and treatment of post operative distention
• abdominal roentergenography to dispel gas shadows
• to treat diabetes insipidus

• causes kidney to reabsorb water
• causes narrowing of blood vessels

• allergic reactions
• anaphylaxis
• cardiac arrest

• demeclocycline
• norepinephrine
• lithium
• heparin

• fludrocortisone
• TCAs