SFOS 14

• Systemic
• Right atrium
• Tricuspid valve
• Right ventricle
• Pulmonic valve
• Pulmonary circulation
• Left atrium
• Mitral valve
• Left ventricle
• Aortic Valve
• Aorta

Period of ventricular contraction before pressure exceeds that in arteries

Period of ventricular relaxation before atrioventricular valves open

Period of low ventricular filling in late diastole prior to atrial kick

Period of backward flow and sudden stop as aortic and pulmonary valves close

• Atrial pressure wave caused by atrial contraction
• Follows ECG P wave

• Atrial pressure wave caused by backbulging of AV valves (during ventricular contraction)
• Follows ECG QRS complex

• Atrial pressure fall from ventricular emptying (thoracic pressure, volume fall)
• After "c" wave

Atrial pressure increase from venous return into atria with closed AV valves

Atrial pressure drop when AV vavles open

• A wave
• C wave
• V wave

AV valves close

Semilunar (aortic and pulmonary) vavles close

Vibration of blood entering the ventricle during diastole

Flow from atrial kick at end of diastole

• papillary muscles - contract during systole to prevent AV valve bulging
• Chordae tendinae - attach valves to papillary muscles

Aortic valve closes before pulmonary valve

Yes, mitral valve closes just before tricuspid valve