Geography-Industry-South Wales

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Explain the physical factors of the early growth?
- Easily mined black band iron ore, coal and limestone were all found close together
- Fast flowing rivers provided power source for early mine workings
- Deep river valleys made it easy to access the coal seams
- The river valleys e.g. Rhondda provided it an excellent route way to markets at coastal ports e.g. Cardiff
Early growth Human factors
- Local entrepreneurs were willing to invest in this new industry
- It made economic sense to build factories and towns next to resources
- Large scale in-migration from rural areas attracted by the regular income that factories offered
- A huge easy market in the british empire emcouraged growth as steam power took off-growth of the railways
Explain the decline
- From the 1950's the raw materials begin to run out and become expensive to mine. this is beacuse the seams became too thing so were to fractured to be economical
- Iron ore had to be imported from foreign factories which was exspensive
- Competition from cheap foreign coal (Canada) and the decline of the british empire for easy trade routes
- Railways bought 50% of the coal but changed to electric due to it being cheaper and cleaner
Explain the rise
- Goverment aid
- Development area(south wales) and Enterprise zone(swansea) attracted many companies(ford,honda)
- Tax free periods and rent free factories
- Grants for new machinery
- Subsidies to retrain staff- £300 for each new job
- Subsidies to assist reelocation costs
- severn bridge and M4
- cardiff airport expnaded
Social improvements
- reduces unemployment and prevents large scale out migration
- increase income stimulates economy attracting more services
- more tradesmen required to improve houses
- more rates and taxes paid to local area to improves servces
Enviromental
- derelict factories
- housing in disrepair
- polluted rivers
- blackened hillsides
- slagheaps

Author

Smyth159

79984

Card Set

Geography-Industry-South Wales

Description

Geography-Industry-South Wales

Updated

2011-04-16T16:09:02Z

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