Module C Exam

abdominal cavity contains these organs:

sympotoms of peritonitis

Organs of digestion

separates esophagus from stomach at cardiac orafis. stops reflux

LUQ

stores food during eating, secretes digestive juices and mixes food with juices, hydrocholoric acid to break food down

composed of:
duodenum-1ft
jejunum-8ft
iluem-12ft

completes digestion throught the action of enzymes and bile

composed of:
cecum, ascending, transverse, descending and ends at sigmoid colon

function:
absorbs H20, lubricate intestinal contents, neutralize acids

veins that dilate and can be either internal or external

RUQ

functions:
produce & secret bile
metabolism of protein, fat & CHO
glucose storage
detoxifies substances

attached to inferior surface of liver

function:
concentrates and stores bile

needed for breakdown of fats
gives feces its brown color

choloenystitis

located under L lobe of liver

function:

endocrine- produce enzymes insulin, glucagon

exocrine- secretes enzymes used to breakdown

LUQ

functions:
stores 1-2% of erythrocytes & platelets
contains macrophages

organs of excretion

Function:
waste removal of water soluble waste

connect kidneys to bladder

storage of urine

excrete urine

function:
produce a secretion to help facilitate sperm in passages from testes

inflammation of the prostate

dysuria

whisy sound of arteries and veins of the abdomen

indicates liver disease

yellow skin

fluid in abdomen

liver or heart problem

PQRST

asymmetric distention may indicate _____

expected sounds of the abdomen

stomach growling

Arterial and Venous sounds

expected sounds

push into abdomen, rapidly release

testing peritoneum irratation

pt lies supine, place hand over lower thigh and have patient raise leg

pt supine, flex leg at hip and knee to 90 then rotate leg

after stool look for change in color

2 components of cardiovascular system:

2 loops of circulation for blood

functions of CV system

anterior chest that overlies the heart area

area under breast bone btwn lungs

protective sac with serus membrane and fluid

outer layer, covers heart surface

middle m. layer of the heart

inner layer of heart, covers chambers and valves

know

arteries->arterioles->capillaries->exchange->venules->veins

heart at rest

ventricles are relaxed and recieving blood

heart is working

ventricles contract and sweeze blood out to pulmonary artery and aorta

leak in the ventricles

"pacemaker" 60-100 bpm

40-60 bpm

go to the bathroom after laying down

faint, light headed

pulse amplitude

allens test

dorsiflex pt foot to assess the calf pain response for possible thrombophlebitis

pitting edema

assesses for venous competence
pt is supine, elevate leg above heart until veins are empty, then lower leg quickly

swelling of one leg

pt at 30 degrees
elevate and tilt chin opposite direction
assess for visible pulsations of jugular veins

1st heart sound
closure of mitral & tricuspid valves

2nd heart sound
closure of aortic and pulmonic valves

ventricular gallop sound

atrial gallop sound

Ausculotory of heart sounds

Aoritic area

Ausculotory of heart sounds

pulmonic area

Ausculotory of heart sounds

erb's point

Ausculotory of heart sounds

Tricuspid area

Ausculotory of heart sounds

Mitral area

when s3 and s4 run together during systole

turb. flow in blood vessels

turb. flow throughout valve

cardiac output changes with aging

provides RBC production and mineral storage

# of bones in the body

non moveable joint

semi moveable joint

freely moveable joint

Joints!

flexion/extension (knee, finger)

Joints!

movement of one bone articulating with ring/ notch of another bone (head of radius w/ radial arch of ulna)

Joints!

thumb

Joints!

condyle of bone fits w/ elliptical shape of ther bone ( radius w/ wrist bones)

Joints!

movement along axis/flat (vertebrae)

sac lined w/ synovial fluid membrane

foot raised high and strikes the ground suddenly w/ entire sole

cerebellar disorders, alcohol

paralysis of one side of body

upper motor nueron disorder as in stroke

legs cross at the thights or knees with each step, occurs in upper motor neuron disorders as in stroke

measures ROM

muscle strength scale

3 movements of the temporomandibular jt

expected neck movements

flexion
extension
hyperextention
lateral bending
rotation

spine

spine is off alighnment side to side
lateral curvature

curvature of upper back, often normal in older pt's

inward curvature of spine, protruding belly

elbow movements

flexion
extension
supination
pronation

wrist tests

hands palmer flexed with dorsal sides together for 1 min

wrist tests

purcussion on wrist

swelling in the knee

hard time absorbing

infection of bladder

bacterial infection of kidney

biologically active form of vit D

cardiac output