Genetics

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Name 3 similarities and 3 differences between DNA and RNA
- -Made of nucleotides
- -made in nucleus
- -has sugar phosphate backbone
- -thiamine urasil
- - single stranded double stranded
- -deoxyribo...ribo...
What is the name of the process of making mRNA from DNA?

-transcripton
What is the name of the process of making a protein from mRNA?

-translation
What is the basic subunit of DNA?
What is the basic subunit of RNA?

-nucleotides
What is the basic subunit of a protein?

-amino acids
Name the 4 nitrogenous bases.
- -Adenine
- -Thiamine
- -Cytosine
- -Guanine
What does trisomy mean?

-3 chromosomes instead of 2
What is a ribose?

-Sugar
What makes up the backbone of DNA?

-Sugar and phosphate
What type of bonds hold the bases together?

-Hydrogen bonds
What is a karyotype?

-putting all the chromosomes in their height/numerical order
What does genotype mean?

-the genetic make-up (BB, Bb, bb)
What does phenotype mean?

-the trait itself
What are chromosomes 1 – 22 called?

-autosomes
What is the 23rd pair of chromosomes called?

-sex chromosomes
What are all of your cells called in your body?

-somatic cells
What are the egg and sperm cells called?

-sex cells
Draw two different views of a chromosome (before and after synthesis).
What is co-dominance?

-you see both traits..they are both dominant. Ex. Blood Type
What is incomplete dominance?

-a blending of two traits. Ex. Straight hair + curly hair= wavy hair
Why do we use a pedigree chart?

To determine who has or doesn't have a trait/disorder.
DNA has two functions. What are they?
- -DNA replication
- -DNA makes RNA
What are the 5 types of mutations?
- -Addition
- -Deletion
- -Translocation
- -Substitution
- -Inversion

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Card Set

Genetics

Description

Study cards for DNA/genetics test Fri. April 15, 2011.

Updated

2011-04-15T01:51:08Z

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