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Gender most likely to suffer TMJ and age?
Females between puberty and menopause
-
Mechanical factors of TMJ
(4)
- Malocclusion
- Bruxism
- Abnormal bite
- Faulty dentures
-
Gender most likely to suffer Gout
Men
-
Risk factors for Gout
- Family history
- Alcohol
- Obesity
- Hypertension
- Diabetes, Hyperlipidemia, Arteriosclerosis
- Thiazide Diurectics
- Low dose aspirin
-
Gender most likely affected by Osteoarthritis
-
O.A. risk factors
- Overweight
- Repeated cartiage damage
- Joint injury
- Physical inactivity
-
Age and gender most likely affected by Osteoporosis
Women beginning at 35
-
Race most likely affected by osteoporosis
Whites and Asians
-
Small boned and thin women weighing less than 127lb are most likely to suffer from what?
Osteoporosis
-
Risk factors for Osteoporosis
- Family History
- Smoking
- Alcohol
- Inadequate calcium intake
- Inadequate weight bearing activities
- Estrogen deficiency
- Removal of ovaries
-
Use of glucocorticoids, methotrexate, thyroid hormone, antacids containing aluminum, cyclosporin A, and heparin can lead to the development of what?
Osteoporosis
-
This pain is typically described at deep, dull, boring, or intense
Bone pain
-
Normally, the only time bone pain is associated with movement is when?
Fracture
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What pain is usually described as "crampy"
muscle pain
-
What does sudden onset of pain and erythema in the great toe, ankle, and lower leg suggest?
Gout
-
Clients with these conditions may awaken from pain and often have morning stiffness for 1-2 hours.
R.A. and Tendonitis
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When do clients with osteoarthritis experience pain?
Typically during weight bearing activities and then relieved by rest
-
What is migratory arthritis?
When pain moves among joints
-
Name some examples of conditions that cause migratory arthritis.
- Acute rheumatic fever
- Leukemia
- Juvenile arthritis
-
Change in barometric pressure can cause which condition to worsen?
Arthritis
-
Which condition pain is worsened by movement and which pain is helped with movement?
- Arthritis gets worse
- RA can get better
-
Acute inflammation such as arthritis or gout produces what?
-
Joint pain that occurs 10-14 days after a sore throat may be associated with what?
Rheumatic fever
-
Proximal muscle weakness is typically categorized as...
Myopathy
-
Distal muscle weakness is typically categorized as...
Neuropathy
-
Defined as bone mineral density more than 2.5 standard deviations below the mean of a young healthy adult woman.
Osteoporosis
-
Healthy People 2010 objectives for osteoporosis.
(2)
- Reduce the proportion of adults with osteoporosis
- Reduce proportion of adults hospitalized for vertebral fractures associated with osteoporosis
-
Primary prevention for Osteoporosis
- Balanced diet rich in calcium and vitamin D
- Ca intake should be between 1000 and 1300mg per day
- Vitamin D between 400 and 800 IU per day
-
When should routine screening begin for women for osteoporosis?
65
-
Women with increased risk of osteoporosis such as those weighing less than 70kg and no use of estrogen therapy should begin screening at what age?
60
-
What is the minimal amount of years to detect a change in BMD?
2 years
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Although back pain is equally common in men and women, which gender is most likely impaired from back and spine conditions?
women
-
Which gender is more at risk for CVA, and which gender accounts for more than half the death related to CVAs?
- Men at more risk
- More women die
-
Which race is most affected by CVAs?
African American
-
Risk factors for CVA
- Family history
- High blood pressure
- Smoking
- Diabetes
- High cholesterol
- Obesity
- Alcohol
- Transient ischemia attacks
- A Fibrillation
- Cocaine use
-
Risk factors in women for CVA
- Women who are pregnant
- Use of birth control pills and smoking
- Hypertension
-
Injury to which lobe could cause changes in memory or cognition.
Frontal lobe
-
Common after a lumbar puncture.
Transient headache
-
What causes a headache after a LP?
When a patient sits upright, loss of CSF causes tension on the meninges.
-
Inability to coordinate movements or a staggering gait caused by a cerebral disorder.
Ataxia
-
A neurological dysfuntion or a problem with the vestibule that makes it feel like the room is spinning.
Vertigo
-
Inner ear infection
Labyrinthitis
-
Usually precedes a seizure and can have auditory, gustatory, olfactory, visual, or motor sensations.
Aura
-
Why may someone who just had a seizure feel weak, confused, or sleepy after.
Brain's glucose was used during the seizure and needs time to replenish
-
What is the difference between tremors from Parkinson's and temors from a cerebellar disorder?
- Parkinson's- Causes tremors at rest
- Cerebellar Disorder- Cause tremors with intentional movement.
-
What should be considered the problem when balance is impaired?
- Cerebellum dysfunction
- Inner ear dysfunction
-
If client complains of falling to the right, this may indicate that muscle weakness is due to impaired nerve function on which side of the brain?
Left
-
Reduced sense of touch sensation
Hypoesthesia
-
Sensation of tingling, pricking, or numbness to skin with no apparent long term effect
Paresthesia
-
Paresthesia may be caused by what?
- Anemia
- May fluctuate with posture, activity, rest, edema, or underlying disease
-
What causes hypoesthesia?
Could be caused by impaired circulation or nerve compression
-
These diseases may cause excessive salivation that may increase need to swallow
- Parkinson's
- Myasthenia gravis
-
Defective or absent language function.
Aphasia
-
Impairment in speech.
Dysphasia
-
Inability to comprehend speech of others and of oneself.
Receptive or Fluent Aphasia
-
Associated with lesions in the Wernicke's area in the temperol lobe.
Receptive or Fluent Aphasia
-
Inability to communicate or translate ideas into meaningful speech or writing.
Expressive or Nonfluent Aphasia
-
Associated with lesions in Broca's area in the frontal lobe.
Expressive or Nonfluent Aphasia
-
People with Parkinson's may have trouble forming words because of what?
Bradykinesia of facial muscles
-
Healthy People 2010 goal for injury and violence prevention.
Reduce injuries, disabilities, and death caused by unintentional injuries and violence.
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