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The main concentration of minerals outside the
cell is
sodium
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under normal conditions, adults needed___liquid per day
- 2 to 3 L of liquid per day
- 5 to 6 glasses should be water
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Average water lost from the body
2600ml/daily
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Cellulose
a polysaccharide that makes up the framework of plants; provides bulk (fiber or roughage) for the diet; cannot be broken down by the human digestive system and therefore is not absorbed.
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Cellulose Function
to absorb water, provide bulk, and stimulate peristalsis
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Food Pyramid
Level 1
Nutrients primarily supplied are
- Breads, cereals, rice, pasta
- are iron, B-complex vitamins, and carbohydrate (starches)
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Food Pyramid
Level 2
Nutrients primarily supplied are
- vegetable group, fruit
- vitamins A and C and fiber.
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Food Pyramid
Level 3
Nutrients primarily supplied are
- Milk, yogurt, cheese, meat
- calcium, protein, and riboflavin.
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Food Pyramid
Level 4
fats oils and sweet sparingly
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Lacto-ovo-vegetarians
eat eggs and dairy product
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Lacto-vegetarian
avoid egss but eat dairy
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Ovo-vegetarian
do not eat meat or dairy products but do eat eggs.
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Skim Milk
fat and vitamin A removed
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Homogenized milk
fat particles evenly dispersed so cream does not separate.
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Pasteurized milk
heated to a specific temperature to destroy pathogenic bacteria
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Condensed milk
water removed and sugar added so carbohydrate content is increase; low in calcium and vitamins and high in sugar compared with whole milk.
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Evaporated milk
heated above the boiling point so that more than one-half the water evaporates.
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Low fat milk
contain 0.5% to 2% fat
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Powdered or dry milk
least expensive form milk on the market
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Staphylococcus aureus bacteria are resistant to
heat
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Clostridia Food Poisoning
spore-forming bacteria that grow in the absence of oxygen.
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Botulism
spore-forming bacteria that grow and produce toxins in absence of oxygen (anaerobic)
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Salmonellosis
bacteria widespread in nature that live in the intestinal tracks of humans and animals transmitted by eating infected food or by contact with people who are infected or are carries of the disease; also transmitted by insects or rodents.
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E.Coli
Bacteria attacks intestinal wall and spreads to body.
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