ibhs lab quiz 8

means genitals or reproduction

reproductive organs, whether male or female, or internal or external

the study of diseases of the female reproductive organs

a specialist in the study of these diseases

external female genitalia

5 structures of the female external genitalia (vulva)

pertaining to the vulva

uterine tubes that transport the ova to the uterus (womb)

the birth canal

provides nourishment from the time the fertilized egg is implanted to the time of birth of the fetus

the latter stages of the developing young and, in human beings, is the time in utero after the first 8 weeks

within the uterus

outside the uterus

lowermost cylindric part of the uterus

what are the 3 layers of the uterus

two meanings: either measurement or uterine tissue

the tissue that forms the lining of the uterus

the thick muscular tissue of the uterus

the membrane that surrounds the uterus

located on each side of the uterus; function in ovulation and in the production of two important hormones (estrogen and progesterone)

the production of ova

hormones released by the ovaries and are responsible for the development and maintenance of secondary sexual characteristics, preparation of the uterus for pregnancy, and development of the mammary glands

breast

discharge of a bloody fluid from the uterus at fairly regular intervals, approximately once a month, from puberty to menopause... is the sloughing off of the endometrium that has been prepared to receive a fertilized ovum but is not needed

marks the end of a woman's reproductive period

cervic/o

colp/o, vagin/o

genit/o

gonad/o

gynec/o

hyster/o, uter/o

metr/o (occasionally metr/i)

oophor/o, ovar/o

salping/o

vulv/o

-cidal

cyst/o, vesic/o

men/o

rect/o

urethr/o

urin/o

the study of cells

collection and examination of cells from the vagina and cervix; the term may also refer to the collection of material from other surfaces that shed cells

involves the use of a low powered microscope to magnify the mucosa of the vagina and cervix

the examination of the abdominal cavity through one or more small incisions in the abdominal wall; this surgical procedure is especially useful for inspection of structures within the pelvic cavity as well as collection of biosy specimens and certain types of surgeries

prevention of pregnancy by means of medication, device, or method that blocks or alters the process of reproduction

absence of menstrual flow when it is normally expected

painful menstruation

excessive flow during menstruation

bleeding from the uterus at any time other than during the menstrual period; litterally means hemorrhage from the uterus

a fibrous or mucous stalked tumor of the cervical mucosa (lining)

general term for tumors that bleed easily and are found on mucous membranes

inflammation of the cervix and vagina

inflammation of the vagina

a condition in which tissue that somewhat resembles the endometrium is found abnormally in various locations in the pelvic cavity

inflammation of the endometrium

an abnormal, tubelike passage between 2 internal organs or between an internal organ and the body surface

an abnormal opening between the rectum and vagina

an abnormal opening between the bladder and the vagina

prolapse of the uterus

a common benign fibroid tumor of the uterine muscle

an inflamed condition of an ovary

inflammation of an ovary and its uterine tube

cancer of an ovary, a malignancy that is rarely detected in the early stage and usually far advanced when diagnosed

infection of the upper genital organs beyond the cervix, often involving the peritoneum and intestines

a syndrome of nervous tension, irritability, weight gain, edema, headache, painful breasts, sleep changes, and other symptoms occuring a few days before the onset of menstruation

inflammation of the uterine tube

hernial protrusion of a uterine tube

any malignancy of the uterus, including the cervix or endometrium

inflammation of the vulva

a contraceptive device that is inserted into the uterus by a physician

sometimes placed in the vagina to kill sperm, but are not as effective as other contraceptive methods

a sterilization procedure that can sometimes be reversed

a method of fertilizing the ova outside the body by collecting mature ova and placing them in a dish with spermatozoa before placing them in the uterus for implantation, may be useful when failure to conceive is caused by insufficient numbers of sperm

the primary intervention for women who suffer the symptoms of menopause or those at high risk for osteoperosis (the abnormal loss of bone density and deterioration of bone tissue)

plastic surgery of the vagina

suture of the vagina

excision of a cone of tissue from the cervix performed to remove lesion from the cervix to obtain tissue for biopsy; this procedure is sometimes performed with a dilation and curettage (D&C)

a surgical procedure that expands the cervical opening (dilation or dilatation) so that the uterine wall can be scraped (curettage)

surgical removal of the uterus

removal of the uterus through the abdominal wall

removal of the uterus through the vagina

abdominal exploration using a lighted instrument which allows for direct visualization of the abdominal contents

an instrument inserted during laparoscopy to allow movement of the uterus during the examination

an abdominal operation; surgical opening of the abdomen done for various purposes

surgical removal of one or both ovaries

surgical removal of a uterine tube

removal of an ovary and its accompanying uterine tube

removal of both ovaries and their uterine tubes

suture of a uterine tube

sterilization by surgically binding or crushing the uterine tubes

the union of an ovum and sperm, resulting in an embryo

embedding of the fertilized ovum, usually occurs in the endometrium

fertilized ovum

extraembryonic membranes, form around the embryo and give rise to placenta

a membrane through which the fetus derives nourishment during pregnancy

developing embryo is called this after 8 wks

an adjective that refers to the fetus

hormone that is produced a few days after fertilization and can be detected in body fluids;testing for this hormone in urine or blood can indicate whether a woman is pregnant; can be detected before other signs of pregnancy appear

provides an image of the developing fetus; has many uses in obstetrics, including the detection of an embryo implanted outside the uterus

implantation of the embryo outside the uterus

means happening before birth and after birth

a newborn infant up to 6 wks of age

the branch of medicine that specializes in the care of women during pregnancy and childbirth

another word meaning pregnancy, the period of time from contraception to birth

synonym for childbirth

means before childbirth and after childbirth

refers to a woman who has never given birth to a viable offspring

a woman who is pregnant for the first time is called this

amni/o

fet/o

nat/i

par/o

-para

average period of gestation (pregnancy) is approximately ___ days from the date of fertilization but is clinically considered to last ___ days from the first day of the last menstrual period

surgical removal of the fetus from the uterus

describes the part of the fetus that is touching by the examining finger through the cervix or that has entered the mother's lesser pelvis during labor

the normal and most common fetal presentation

fetal presentation in which the buttocks, knees or feet are presented

one in which the long axis of the baby's body is across the long axis of the mother's body, and the shoulder is presented in the cervical opening

separation of the placenta from the uterine wall 20 weeks or more gestation or during labor, often results in severe hemorrhage

the innermost of the membranes that surround the developing fetus

hots the fetus suspended in amniotic fluid

transabdominal (through the abdomen) puncture of the amniotic sac to remove amniotic fluid; the material that is removed can be studied to detect genetic disorders or other abnormalities

surgical rupture of the fetal membranes, performed to induce or expedite labor

a congenital condition characterized by mild to severe mental retardation and caused by an abnormality, usually the presence of 3 of chromosome 21, rather that the expected pair

a first trimester prenatal screening test that is designed to provide specific information about the risk of down syndrome and other chromosomal abnormalities; the test consists of a combination of ultrasound measurement and blood test performed between 11 weeks, 1 day and 13 weeks, 6 days of pregnncy

a surgical procedure in which an incision is made to enlarge the vaginal opening for delivery

an anemia of newborns characterized by premature destruction of RBCs and resulting from maternal fetal blood group incompatibility, specifically involving the Rh factor and aBO blood groups

assessment of the fetus in utero, usually with respect to its heartbeat (by electrocardiography)

any of several means used to correct infertility, including administration of hormones, use of vaginal medications, surgery, counseling and in vitro fertilization

abnormal implantation of the placenta in the uterus so that it impinges on or covers the opening at the upper end of the uterine cervix

the circular pigmented area of skin surrounding the nipple

what determines the size of the breast?

the female breasts are milk producing glands are called ?

each breast lobe is drained by ___ duct that has openings in the nipple

the secretion of milk

a diagnostic procedure that uses radiography to study the breast

removal of the lump or tumor, treatment of breast cancer

pain in the breast

means painful breast

sagging breasts

surgical procedure to lift the breast

plastic surgery to increase the size of the female breast

male gonads

transfers sperm to the vagina

a lose fold of skin that covers the glans penis

stores sperm

pouch of skin that contains the testes and epididymis

begins at the epididymis, continues upward and enters the abdominopelic cavity; each one joins a duct from the seminal vesicle to form a short ejaculatory duct, which passes through the prostate gland

paired; contribute an alkaline mucus-like fluid to the semen

important male hormone that induces and maintains male secondary sex characteristics

responsibility of the testes; the formation of mature functional sperm

a mixture of sperm cells and secretions

mature male sex cells

orchi/o, orchid/o, test/o, testicul/o

pen/o

prostat/o

scrot/o

semin/o

ser/o

spermat/o

urether/o

vas/o

nonmalignant, non inflamatory enlargement of the prostate, most common among men older than 50 yrs

undescended testicles; failure of the testicles to descend into the scrotum before birth

accumulation of fluid in a sac-like cavity, especially serous tumors of the testes or associated parts

inflammation of the testes

a slowly progressing cancer of the prostate; commonly detected by a prostate specific antigen (PSA) test and rectal examination; treatment is by surgery, radiation therapy or hormones

inflammation of the prostate

axial rotation of the spermatic cord that cuts of blood supply to the testicle

surgical removal of the end of the foreskin that covers the head of the penis; usually performed shortly after birth for hygienic or religious reasons

surgical removal of a testicle (often done to treat malignancy of a testicle

excision of both testes

plastic surgery of the testis, particularly the surgery performed to correct a testicle that has not descended properly into the scrotum

surgical fixation of an undescended testicle to the scrotum

removal of all or part of the prostate

partial or complete reomval of the prostate gland by passing a cytoscope through the urethra

removal of all or a segment of the vas deferens, usually done bilaterally to produce sterility

surgically reconnecting the ends of the severed ductus deferens, done to correct an obstruction as a form of vesectomy reversal

a treatable bacterial disease transmitted by intimate sexual contact; the most common sexually transmitted disease in the US

a contagious genitourinary infection caused by a bacterium that is commonly called gonococcus; diagnosed by finding of gonococci in a urethral or vaginal smear and by culturing the organism

antother STD caused by spirochetes

primary lesion that appears 2-3 wks after a person is infected with syphilis

highly infectious STD characterized by blisters and ulcerations on the genital organs; unlike gonorrhea and syphilis, this is caused by a virus and is more difficult to treat

fatal late stage infection with HIV and usually involves a fatal form of immunodeficiency; characterized by opportunistic infections and malignant tumors that rarely afflict health individuals

means a lowered or deficient immune response

a condition with a defined set of signs and symptoms that are not necessarily caused by the same disease