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Dilated ureter:
criteria - >8mm, ureter visible in entire length, no peristaltic waves; obstruction � primary megaureter (functional), ureteral stricture, calculus, BOO, urethral stricture; reflux; dieresis
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Ureteral stricture: tumor �
TCC, mets, lymphadenopathy;
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Ureteral stricture: inflammatory �
TB (corkscrew appearance), Schistosomiasis, Crohn�s, PID;
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Ureteral stricture: congenital �
ectopic ureterocele, primary megaureter, congenital stenosis;
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Ureteral stricture: metabolic, drugs �
amyloid, morphine, methysergide (retroperitoneal fibrosis);
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Ureteral stricture: trauma �
iatrogenic, radiation;
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Ureteral stricture: vascular �
aneurysm, ovarian vein syndrome, lymphocele, crossing vessel
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Multiple ureteral filling defects: wall �
ureteritis cystica (more common in upper ureter), vascular impressions, multiple papillomas, melanoma mets, submucosal hemorrhage, fibroepithelial polyp (single);
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Multiple ureteral filling defects: luminal (acute angles) �
calculi, blood clot, sloughed papillae, fungus ball, air bubbles, TCC
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Ureteral diverticula:
congenital, pseudodiverticulosis, TB (also strictures)
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Deviated ureters: lateral �
bulky RP adenopathy, primary RP tumors, RP fluid collection, aneurysm, malrotated kidney, ovarian or uterine mass;
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Deviated ureters: medial �
posterior bladder diverticulum (#1 cause of distal medial deviation), fibroids, RP fibrosis, postoperative, enlarged prostate, retrocaval ureter (only on R side)
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