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Extrahepatic biliary dilatation: intrapancreatic (#1) �
pancreatic CA, calculus, chronic pancreatitis;
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Extrahepatic biliary dilatation: suprapancreatic �
cholangioCA, metastatic lymph nodes;
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Extrahepatic biliary dilatation: portal �
cholangioCA, GB CA, surgical strictures, hepatoma; choledochal cyst
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Types of obstruction: tumor �
abrupt termination of duct, mass adjacent to duct;
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Types of obstruction: pancreatitis �
smooth, long tapering;
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Types of obstruction: lithiasis-related �
calculus visible, meniscus sign, intrahepatic dilatation;
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Types of obstruction: cholangitis �
sclerosing, AIDS, oriental; Caroli�s; biliary cystadenoma
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Double duct sign:
dilated BD and PD; pancreatitis, pancreatic CA, stone impacted in ampulla, cholangioCA, duodenal or ampullary CA
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Filling defects in bile duct:
stone, blood clot, parasite, sludge, tumor
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Hemobilia:
iatrogenic, tumor, trauma, infection
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Strictures on ERCP: hilum �
cholangioCA, porta hepatis nodes, GB CA;
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Strictures on ERCP: 1cm from ampulla �
pancreatic CA, cholangioCA, mets;
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Strictures on ERCP: long segment �
chronic pancreatitis, lymphoma;
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Strictures on ERCP: CHD at cystic duct region �
Mirizzi�s, GB CA, cholangioCA;
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Strictures on ERCP: multiple intrahepatic �
sclerosing cholangitis, HIV, ischemic, primary biliary cirrhosis, liver mets (rare);
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Strictures on ERCP: multiple intrahepatic and extrahepatic �
sclerosing cholangitis, HIV, ischemia
-
Irregular wall and filling defects: cholangitis �
HIV, oriental, ascending
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Pancreatic duct: stricture �
- pancreatic CA, chronic pancreatitis;
- Pancreatic duct: cystic dilatation and side branches �
- chronic pancreatitis, IPMT;
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Pancreatic duct: variants �
annular pancreas, pancreas divisum
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Cholecystectomy leaks:
cystic duct remnant, duct of Luschka
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GB wall thickening: >3mm; diffuse �
nonfasting GB, acute cholecystitis, chronic cholecystitis, portal HTN, hypoalbuminemia, hepatitis, AIDS (cryptosporidium, CMV, MAI), ascites;
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GB wall thickening: focal �
GB CA, mets (melanoma), cholesterol polyps, adenomyomatosis, tumefactive sludge, AIDS
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GB wall hyperechoic foci:
calculus, polyp, cholesterol, emphysematous cholecystitis, porcelain GB
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Dense gallbladder:
vicarious excretion of contrast, calculi, milk of calcium, oral cholecystogram, hemorrhage
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Biliary enteric fistula:
cholecystitis (gallstone ileus), PUD, tumor, trauma, surgery, Crohn�s
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