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Primary characteristics of Bovine Pelvis (3):
- Parallel iliac shaft
- Trifid tuber ischiadicum
- Concave pelvic (dish/hollowed out)
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Primary characteristics of Ovine Pelvis (3)
- Slender iliac shafts
- Straight iliac crest
- Pronounced and laterally oriented tuber ischiadicum
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Pelvis of the cow (7): *
- Narrow pelvic Inlet
- Roof is concave
- High Pelvic Inlet
- Dished Pelvic Floor
- Bony Projections
- Small Pelvic Outlet
- Table of ischium slopes sharply, craniodorsally
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Pelvic floor of...
Cow:
Mare:
Ewe/Nanny:
- Cow: Dished
- Mare: Flat/straight
- Ewe/Nanny= Flat, Horizontal
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Ewe/Nanny Pelvis
Flat, horizontal, pelvic floor
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Sow pelvis
- Birth Canal is straight
- Large Pelvic Inlet
- (Vaginal manipulation difficult)
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The Anal Canal is comprised of:
- Coccygeus
- Levator Ani- Internal & External Deep Fascia
- External Anal Sphincter
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What does the Perineum join? What does is separate?
- Joins: Tubera Ischiadica
- Separates: Anal Reg/Triangle & Urogenital Reg/Triangle
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Urogenital MM (3):
- Constrictor Vestibuli
- Constrictor Vulvae
- Retractor Clitoris
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Two parts of the Retractor Penis M:
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What mm is invested in the root of the penis and is used to sex a dressed carcass
Ischiocavernosus
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What gluteal mm are fused in the bovine? Which is missing?
- Superficial Gluteal & Biceps Femoris m (Gluteobiceps)
- No Internal Obturator m
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Defining features of the bovine rump (3):
- Concave
- Poorly muscled
- Only the gluteobicep m has vertebral head
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What stuctures impede urinary catheterization in the bull?
- Sigmoid Flexure
- Urethral Process w/ Bulbourethral Gland @ Cr portion
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The Uretha in M Ruminants VS F Ruminants
- M Ruminants: Urethral Recess
- F Ruminants: Suburethralral Diverticulum
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Ruminant Scrotrum: location and general appearance
- Location- Btw the thighs
- Appearance- vertically elongated and pendulous
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Which Species have a Glabrous Scrotum?
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Which Species have a hairy Scrotum?
Small Ruminants
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Appearance of Bovine Testis:
- Vertically elongated
- Oval/bottle shaped
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Appearance of the Ovine Testis:
- Large
- Oval/Sperical
- Long Vertical Axis
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Color of Testicular Parenchyma in Bovines? Ovines?
- Bovines: Yellow
- Ovines: White
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Location of the bovine & Ovine epididymis parts (Capital and Cauda):
- Capital= Proximal
- Caudate= Distal
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In bovines, where does the epididymis lie, relative to the testis:
Medial
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Which Sex Glands do Bulls have?
- Ampulla of Ductus Deferens
- Vesicular Gland
- Body of Prostate
- Par Disseminata or Prostate
- Bulbourethral Gland
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What covers the Dorsal 1/3 of the proximal end of the bovine testis?
caput epididymis
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Which Sex Glands do Small Rum's have?
- Ductus Deferens
- Vesicular Glad
- Disseminate Part of Prostate Gland
- Bulbourethral Gland
- (Lack Body of DD)
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Which Sex Glands do Boars have?
- Body of Prostate
- Pars Disseminata of Prostate
- Vesicular Gland (XXL)
- (Lacks Ampulla of DD)
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The ruminant penis is of what type?
Fibroelastic
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Why do bulls take hteir time urinating?
Narrow urethral process that attaches to gland
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Appearance of bull's glans penis
twisted anticlockwise, to the R
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Appearance of the bull's penis
long, with circular cross sections
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What impedes expansion of the cavernous tissues in both corpora in the bovine?
Fused tunics covering both cavernous tissues
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Origin and insertion of Apical Ligament
Tunica Albuginea -> Free end of Penis
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On which side is the Apical Lig thicker?
L
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What differences are seen in the ovine penis?
- Glans penis raised into globular and highly cavernous structure
- Free Urethral Process projects beyond the glans
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Where do calculi lodge in the ovine penis?
- Sigmoid Flexure
- Urethral Process
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What differentiates the ram penis from the of the goat
tuberbulum cpongiosum
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Within the ruminant penis, escess elastic fibers are located where?
Corpus Cavernosum
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Appearance of the Urethral Process in...
Bull:
Boar:
- Bull: Tubular & Narrow
- Boar: Free & Projects beyond glans
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What differences are seen in the boar's penis>
- Globular
- Highly Cavernous
- Free Urethral Process that extends beyond the glans
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Two portions of the ruminant prepuce
- External Lamina (hairy)
- Internal Lamina (hairless)
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The prepuce invaginates at the ___ to form the internal lamina in the ruminant penis
Preputial Orifice
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Appearance of the Bull's prepuce
- Long
- +/- Exuberant Internal Lamina
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Clinical Significance of the Bull's Prepuce
- Prolapse (w/ +internal lamina)
- Lacerated and retained outside
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