Biology ch 12

The mating of unlikly parents

A fourth advantage of studying peas is that both the male and female sexual organs are enclosed with each pea flower, and gametes produced by the male and female parts of the same flower can fuse to form viable offspring.

using pollen from a white-flowered plant to fertilize a purple-flowered plant, then using pollen from a purple -flowered pland to fertilize a white flowered plant.

The offspring resulting from a cross between a parental generation (P); in experimental cross, these parents usually have diffrent phenotypes

An allele that is expressed when present in either the heterozygous or the homozygous condition.

An allel that is only expressed when present in the homozygous controlled, by being "hidden" by the expression of a dominant allele in the hetrozygous condition.

The offspring resultinf from a cross between members of the first filial (F₁) generation.

The characteristic dominantto-ressive phenotypic ratios that Mendel observed in his genetics experiments. for example 3:1

One of two or more alternative states of gene.

having two identical alleles of the same gene; the term is usually applied to one to one or more specific loci. (W/W or w/w)

Having two different alleles of the same gene; the term is usually applied to one or more specific loci. (W/w)

The genetic constitution underlying a single trair or set.

The realized expression of the geno type; the physicalappearance or functional expression of a trial

The two alleles for a gene segreate during gamete formation and are rejoined at random, one from each parent, during fertilization.

In a dihybrid cross, the alleles of each gene assort independently. the segregation of different allel pairs is independent.