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What glands have both endocrine and exocrine functions?
heterocrine glands (gonads & pancreas)
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What are the organs which produce gametes?
primary sex organs (testes & ovaries)
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What are thos structures that are essential in caring for and transporting gametes and in women for the implantation and development of the fertilized egg?
secondary sex organs
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What are the characteristics that are not essential for the reproductive process but are generally considered sexually attractant features?
secondary sexual characteristics
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What are structures that are derived from common developmental structures (primordial) and serve common functions in adults?
homologues
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What are the primary reproductive organs?
gonads
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What do primary reproductive organs produce?
gametes (sperm & egg)
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What are structures that carry gametes away from the gonads toward the site of fertilization or to the outside of the body?
accessory reproductive organs
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What are three medical terms for sexual union between a male and female?
copulation, coitus & sexual intercourse
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What is the diamond-shaped area of the pelvis that is between the thighs?
perineum
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What are the skeletal landmarks of the perineum?
pubic symphysis, ischial tuberosities & coccyx
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What is the anterior triangle of the perineum?
urogenital triangle
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What is the posterior triangle of the perineum?
anal triangle
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As the peritoneum folds around the various pelvic organs, it produces two major dead-end recesses or pouches. What is the anterior pouch formed between the ureters and the urinary bladder?
vesicouterine pouch
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As the peritoneum folds around the various pelvic organs, it produces two major dead-end recesses or pouches. What is the posterior pouch formed between the uterus and the rectum?
rectouterine pouch
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What are the primary sex organs of the female?
ovaries
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What are the acessory sex organs of the female?
uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, clitorus & mammary glands
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Where are the ovaries located?
in the pelvic cavity, lateral to the uterus
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What double fold of peritoneum attaches toe ach ovary at the hilum of the ovary and secures the ovary to the broad ligament?
mesovarium
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What is the rounded cord of fibrous and muscular tissue extending from each superior angle of the uterus to the inner extremity of the ovary of the same side?
ovarian ligament
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What structure attaches to the lateral edge of each ovary and projects superolaterally to the pelvic wall?
suspensory ligament
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What structures extend from both sides of the uterus toward the ovaries?
uterine tubes
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What structure surrounds and suspends the uterine tubes?
mesosalpinx
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What is the free, funnel-shaped, lateral margine of the uterine tube?
infundibulum
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What are the numerous finger-like folds at the lateral margin of the uterine tube?
fimbriae
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What is the pear-shaped, thick-walled, muscular organ within the pelvic cavity of the female?
uterus
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What is the broad, curved, superior region of the uterus extending between the lateral attachments of the uterine tubes?
fundus
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What is the major, middle region of the uterus?
body
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What is the narrow transition zone of the uterus between the body and the cervix?
isthmus
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What is the narrow, inferior portion of the uterus that projects into the vagina?
cervix
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What is the narrow channel within the cervix of the uterus?
cervical canal
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Collectively what are the muscles of the pelvic floor that support the uterus?
pelvic diaphragm
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What structures run from the lateral sides of the uterus, through the inguinal canal and attach to the labia majora and hold the uterus in an anteverted position?
round ligaments
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What ligaments of the uterus run from the sides of the cervix and superior vagina laterally to the walls of the pelvis and restrict inferior movement of the uterus?
transverse cervical ligaments
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What ligaments connect the uterus to the sacrum?
uterosacral ligaments
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What ligament of the uterus us a peritoneal drape over the uterus?
broad ligament
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What artery supplies the uterus?
uterine artery
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What is the outer layer of the uterus?
perimetrium
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What is the thick, middle tunic of the uterus composed of smooth muscle?
myometrium
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What is the inner most tunic of the uterus?
endometrium
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What is the fibromusclar tube of the female reproductive system that serves as both the copulatory organ and the birth canal?
vagina
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What is the external opening of the vagina?
vaginal orifice
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What structure is formed by the mucosal folds that project into the lumen of the vagina to form a vascularized, membranous barrier?
hymen
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What is the collective term for the external genitalia of the female?
vulva
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What is an expanse of skin and subcutaneous connective tissue immediately anterior to the pubic symphysis in the female?
mons pubis
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What are the paired thickened folds of skin and connective tissue on the lateral sides of the female external genitalia?
labia majora
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What are the paired medial folds of skin and connective tissue of the female external genitalia?
labia minora
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What is the small erectile organ at the anterior part of the vulva. It is homologous to the penis.
clitoris
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On the center of the breast, what is the cylindrical projection containing numerous openings of the excretory ducts that transport milk?
nipple
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What is the pigmented area around the nipple?
areola
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What internal structures of the breast extend from the deep fascia overlying the pectoralis major to the skin?
suspensory ligaments
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Tiny ducts from the alveoli and lobules of the breast merge to form what structures?
lactiferous ducts
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As each lactiferous duct approaches the nipple it expands to form what structure?
lactiferous sinus
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What are the primary sex organs of the male?
testes
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What skin-covered sac of the male reproductive system houses the testes?
scrotum
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What layer of smooth muscle lies within the scrotum?
dartos muscle
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The blood vessels and nerves to the testis travel fromw ithin the abdomen to the scrotum in what multilayered structure?
spermatic cord
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What structure is an extension of the internal abdominal oblique and helps to regulate the temperature of the testis?
cremaster muscle
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What plexus of veins within the spermatic cord captures heat from the testicular artery in order to help cool the testis?
pampinoform plexus
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What comma-shaped structure composed of an internal duct and an external covering of connective tissue lies on the posterior side of the testis and is where sperm mature and become mobile?
epididymis
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What thick-walled tube travels within the spermatic cord, through the inguinal canal, and within the pelvic cavity?
dustus deferens (vas deferens)
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As the ductus deferens approaches the superoposterior edge of the prostate gland, it enlarges into what structure?
ampulla of the dustus deferens
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What structure conducts sperm and a component of smienal fluid through the prostate toward the urethra?
ejaculatory duct
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What accessory glands of the male reproductive system are located on the posterior surface of the urinary bladder adjacent to the ampulla of the ductus deferens?
seminal vesicles
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What accessory gland of the male reproductive system is a compact encapsulated organ that is shaped like a walnut and is located at the base of the bladder?
prostate gland
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What are the paired pea-shaped accessory glands of the male reproductive system located within the urogenital diaphragm on each side of the urethra?
bulbourethral glands
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What is the copulatory organ of the male?
penis
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What is the internal poriton of the penis?
root
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What is the elongated movable portion of the penis?
body or shaft
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What is the tip of the penis?
glans
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What is the circular fold of skin over the tip of the penis?
prepuce (foreskin)
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What are the paired columns of erectile tissue located on the dorsal side of the penis?
corpora cavernosa
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What column of erectile tissue within the penis surrounds the urethra?
corpus spongiosum
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What is the anatomical position of the penis?
erect
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