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What drives change between historical periods?
the economy is one possible
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What are the conclusions for our suppositions on the "self?"
- our selves and the selves are fluid and derived through interactions, not fixed
- the interactions that we have are shaped by larger level contexts (histrical, cultural)
- different historical eras produce different types of people
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According to Karl Marx, what motivates the force of history? Where at the dominant ideas from?
- class conflict
- dominant ideas are from ruling class
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What was Karl Marx's focus?
on struggle & conflict in society due to antagonistic forces
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What is the mode of production? Explain.
- unify of productive forces and relations of production
- a specific combination of productive forces (labour power and means or production
- social and technical relations of production
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What are the modes of production through out history?
- Primitive communism
- Ancient or slave
- Feudal
- Capitalist
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What does the advancing of forces of production lead to?
- Creation of surplus, which gives rise to classes since there is a need for someone to control or take advantage of the it.
- Determines the possible relations of prodution
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What is dialectial?
- Each mode of production contains within it the seeds of its own destruction
- Contradiction between forces and social relations of production lead to change
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What is Capitalism?
a set of social relations (or a mode of production) between those who own the means of production and those who only own their own labor
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What is the formula of Capitalism?
- M = money invested to buy raw materials and pay for labor
- C = process to transform materials into commodity
- M+ = money sold/made
- M+C = M(prime)
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Why did the state develop?
- Instrument of force & violence
- The state is an instrument of class rule
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What is ideological hegemony?
- the way in which relationships of domination and exploitation are embedded in the dominant ideas of society
- by Antonio Gramsci
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What is false consciousness?
internalizing the interests of the rulers rather than one's true class interests
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What is meant by "Alienation?"
disconnection from the things we produce with our work and the people around us
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What is commodity fetishism?
- objects gain primacy over social relations (form of reification)
- alienation
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How are ideological hegemony, false consciousness, and commidity fetishism related?
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