Vocabulary

• a compound consisting of a nucleoside linked to a phosphate group. Nucleotides form the basicstructural unit of nucleic acids such as DNA.
• components:
• 1. deoxyribose sugar
• 2. a phosphate group
• 3. one of four nitrogenous bases
• (A) Adenine
• always together
• (T) Thymine
• (C) Cytosine
• always together
• (G) Guanine

One of the components of a nucleotide, contains 5 carbon atoms

One of the components of a nucleotide

• One of four nitrogenous bases
• (A) Adenine
• always together
• (T) Thymine
• (C) Cytosine
• always together
• (G) Guanine

One out of the four acid compounds, always together with Thymine.

One out of the four acid compounds, always together with Adenine.

One out of the four acid compounds, always together with Guanine.

One out of the four acid compounds, always together with Cytosine.

Pairs of DNA that fit together.

a pair of parallel helices intertwined about a common axis, esp. that in the structure of the DNA molecule.

The action of copying or reproducing something. One of the exact same.

The production of offspring by combining genetic material from two parent organisms. Offspring are genetically different from parents.

Offspring are genetically identical to parents.

Body Cells, or somatic cells, of every species have a characteristic number of chromosomes. Humans have 46 chromosomes (23 pairs).

Sex cells are referred to as. Contain only 23 chromosomes, combine to produce offspring.

Female.

Male.

The fusion of the nuclei of male and female gametes. (Egg + Sperm)

• The single cell formed during fertilization.
• Male Gamete + Female Gamete = Zygote
• n+n=2n

A cell with only one complete set of chromosomes.

A cell that contains two complete sets of chromosomes.

All human somatic cells contain 46 chromosomes, arranged in 23 pairs each of the 23 pairs.

2 chromosomes together

• the exchange of genes between homologous chromosomes, resulting in a mixture of parental
• characteristics in offspring.

• Prophase I
• Metaphase I
• Anaphase I
• Telophase I
• Cytokinesis I

• Prophase II
• Metaphase II
• Anaphase II
• Telophase II
• Cytokinesis II

The process of random segregation and assortment of chromosomes during anaphase I ofmeiosis resulting in the production of genetically unique gametes.